Direct Uptake and Intracellular Dissolution of HgS Nanoparticles: Evidence from a Bacterial Biosensor Approach

IF 10.8 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Yuping Xiang, Yingying Guo, Guangliang Liu, Yanwei Liu, Maoyong Song, Jianbo Shi, Ligang Hu, Yongguang Yin*, Yong Cai and Guibin Jiang, 
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Abstract

Mercury sulfide nanoparticles (HgSNPs), which occur widely in oxic and anoxic environments, can be microbially converted to highly toxic methylmercury or volatile elemental mercury, but it remains challenging to assess their bioavailability. In this study, an Escherichia coli-based whole-cell fluorescent biosensor was developed to explore the bioavailability and microbial activation process of HgSNPs. Results show that HgSNPs (3.17 ± 0.96 nm) trigger a sharp increase in fluorescence intensity of the biosensor, with signal responses almost equal to that of ionic Hg (Hg(II)) within 10 h, indicating high bioavailability of HgSNP. The intracellular total Hg (THg) of cells exposed to HgSNPs (200 μg L–1) was 3.52–8.59-folds higher than that of cells exposed to Hg(II) (200 μg L–1), suggesting that intracellular HgSNPs were only partially dissolved. Speciation analysis using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC)–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) revealed that the bacterial filtrate was not responsible for HgSNP dissolution, suggesting that HgSNPs entered cells in nanoparticle form. Combined with fluorescence intensity and intracellular THg analysis, the intracellular HgSNP dissolution ratio was estimated at 22–29%. Overall, our findings highlight the rapid internalization and high intracellular dissolution ratio of HgSNPs by E. coli, and intracellular THg combined with biosensors could provide innovative tools to explore the microbial uptake and dissolution of HgSNPs.

Abstract Image

HgS纳米粒子的直接摄取和细胞内溶解:来自细菌生物传感器方法的证据。
硫化汞纳米颗粒(HgSNPs)广泛存在于有氧和缺氧环境中,可以通过微生物转化为剧毒甲基汞或挥发性元素汞,但评估其生物利用度仍然具有挑战性。本研究开发了一种基于大肠杆菌的全细胞荧光生物传感器,以探索HgSNPs的生物利用度和微生物激活过程。结果表明,HgSNPs(3.17±0.96nm)触发生物传感器的荧光强度急剧增加,在10小时内信号响应几乎等于离子汞(Hg(II)),表明HgSNP具有高生物利用度。暴露于HgSNPs(200μg L-1)的细胞内总汞(THg)是暴露于Hg(II)(200μgL-1)细胞的3.52-8.59倍,表明细胞内HgSNP仅部分溶解。使用尺寸排阻色谱法(SEC)-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)进行的形态分析显示,细菌滤液不负责HgSNP的溶解,这表明HgSNPs以纳米颗粒的形式进入细胞。结合荧光强度和细胞内THg分析,细胞内Hg SNP的溶出率估计为22-29%。总的来说,我们的发现突出了HgSNPs被大肠杆菌快速内化和高细胞内溶解率,细胞内THg与生物传感器相结合可以为探索微生物对HgSNP的吸收和溶解提供创新工具。
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来源期刊
环境科学与技术
环境科学与技术 环境科学-工程:环境
CiteScore
17.50
自引率
9.60%
发文量
12359
审稿时长
2.8 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Science & Technology (ES&T) is a co-sponsored academic and technical magazine by the Hubei Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau and the Hubei Provincial Academy of Environmental Sciences. Environmental Science & Technology (ES&T) holds the status of Chinese core journals, scientific papers source journals of China, Chinese Science Citation Database source journals, and Chinese Academic Journal Comprehensive Evaluation Database source journals. This publication focuses on the academic field of environmental protection, featuring articles related to environmental protection and technical advancements.
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