Mechanistic Insights of Colistin Resistance and Its Public Health Implications

IF 1 4区生物学 Q4 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI:10.1134/S0003683823050022

A. Ahsan, S. Gull, H. Imran, Z. Khan

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Abstract

Multi-drug resistance poses a serious threat to the public health worldwide. The situation becomes worse when multidrug-resistant bacteria develop resistance against last resort antibiotics such as colistin attributed to plasmid-borne mcr genes. Humans and non-human animals including pigs and chickens are the main reservoirs of these mcr genes harboring bacteria which have now disseminated globally, thus, causing difficulties in treating bacterial infections. Several mcr-gene-containing bacterial (MGCB) species have been found in diverse ecosystems, including aquatic, soil, botanical, wildlife, animal, and public environments. Environmental samples have shown to contain the mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-5, mcr-7, and mcr-8 genes variants. The genes are found in Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Proteus, Salmonella, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Kluyvera, Aeromonas, Providencia, and Raulotella isolates. The routes of transmission of MGCB are contact with reservoirs that contain mcr, consumption of contaminated animal-/plant-based foods or water, trade and travel that involve animal-/plant-based foods. An updated and precise estimation of prevelance as well as mechanism of colistin resistance mediated by mcr genes is inevitable to regulate the spread of colistin resistance by implementing effective strategies. Hence, this review presents a comprehensive overview of epidemiology and the various mechanisms of colistin resistance that are currently not clearly understood.

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粘菌素耐药性的机制研究及其公共卫生意义

多种药物耐药性对全球公众健康构成严重威胁。当耐多药细菌对质粒携带的mcr基因产生的粘菌素等最后抗生素产生耐药性时，情况会变得更糟。人类和包括猪和鸡在内的非人类动物是这些携带细菌的mcr基因的主要宿主，这些细菌现在已经在全球传播，因此给治疗细菌感染带来了困难。在不同的生态系统中发现了几种含有mcr基因的细菌（MGCB）物种，包括水生、土壤、植物、野生动物、动物和公共环境。环境样品已显示含有mcr-1、mcr-2、mcr-3、mcr-5、mcr-7和mcr-8基因变体。这些基因存在于大肠杆菌、肠杆菌、克雷伯菌、变形杆菌、沙门氏菌、柠檬酸杆菌、假单胞菌、不动杆菌、克鲁维拉菌、气单胞菌、普罗维登西亚菌和劳洛菌分离株中。MGCB的传播途径是与含有mcr的水库接触、食用受污染的动植物性食品或水、涉及动植物性食物的贸易和旅行。对mcr基因介导的粘菌素耐药性的发生率和机制进行更新和精确的估计，对于通过实施有效的策略来调节粘菌素抗性的传播是不可避免的。因此，这篇综述对目前尚不清楚的粘菌素耐药性的流行病学和各种机制进行了全面综述。

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来源期刊

Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology 生物-生物工程与应用微生物

CiteScore

1.70

自引率

12.50%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology is an international peer reviewed journal that publishes original articles on biochemistry and microbiology that have or may have practical applications. The studies include: enzymes and mechanisms of enzymatic reactions, biosynthesis of low and high molecular physiologically active compounds; the studies of their structure and properties; biogenesis and pathways of their regulation; metabolism of producers of biologically active compounds, biocatalysis in organic synthesis, applied genetics of microorganisms, applied enzymology; protein and metabolic engineering, biochemical bases of phytoimmunity, applied aspects of biochemical and immunochemical analysis; biodegradation of xenobiotics; biosensors; biomedical research (without clinical studies). Along with experimental works, the journal publishes descriptions of novel research techniques and reviews on selected topics.