Organoid Technologies for SARS-CoV-2 Research.

IF 2.3 Q4 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING
Current Stem Cell Reports Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-21 DOI:10.1007/s40778-022-00220-1
Khiry Sutton, Timothy Leach, Vikram Surendran, Phillip Clapp, Sean Murphy
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: Organoids are an emerging technology utilizing three-dimensional (3D), multi-cellular in vitro models to represent the function and physiological responses of tissues and organs. By using physiologically relevant models, more accurate tissue responses to viral infection can be observed, and effective treatments and preventive strategies can be identified. Animals and two-dimensional (2D) cell culture models occasionally result in inaccurate disease modeling outcomes. Organoids have been developed to better represent human organ and tissue systems, and accurately model tissue function and disease responses. By using organoids to study SARS-Cov-2 infection, researchers have now evaluated the viral effects on different organs and evaluate efficacy of potential treatments. The purpose of this review is to highlight organoid technologies and their ability to model SARS-Cov-2 infection and tissue responses.

Recent findings: Lung, cardiac, kidney, and small intestine organoids have been examined as potential models of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Lung organoid research has highlighted that SARS-CoV-2 shows preferential infection of club cells and have shown value for the rapid screening and evaluations of multiple anti-viral drugs. Kidney organoid research suggests human recombinant soluble ACE2 as a preventative measure during early-stage infection. Using small intestine organoids, fecal to oral transmission has been evaluated as a transmission route for the virus. Lastly in cardiac organoids drug evaluation studies have found that drugs such as bromodomain, external family inhibitors, BETi, and apabetalone may be effective treatments for SARs-CoV-2 cardiac injury.

Summary: Organoids are an effective tool to study the effects of viral infections and for drug screening and evaluation studies. By using organoids, more accurate disease modeling can be performed, and physiological effects of infection and treatment can be better understood.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

新型冠状病毒研究的类器官技术
综述目的:类器官是一门新兴技术,利用三维(3D)、多细胞体外模型来代表组织和器官的功能和生理反应。通过使用生理学相关模型,可以更准确地观察组织对病毒感染的反应,并确定有效的治疗和预防策略。动物和二维(2D)细胞培养模型有时会导致不准确的疾病建模结果。类器官的发展是为了更好地代表人体器官和组织系统,并准确地模拟组织功能和疾病反应。通过使用类器官研究SARS-Cov-2感染,研究人员现在已经评估了病毒对不同器官的影响,并评估了潜在治疗方法的疗效。本综述的目的是强调类器官技术及其模拟SARS-Cov-2感染和组织反应的能力。最近的发现:肺、心脏、肾脏和小肠类器官已被研究为SARS-CoV-2感染的潜在模型。肺类器官研究强调,SARS-CoV-2对俱乐部细胞具有优先感染性,并对多种抗病毒药物的快速筛选和评估显示出价值。肾类器官研究表明,人重组可溶性ACE2可作为早期感染的预防措施。利用小肠类器官,粪便到口腔传播已被评估为该病毒的传播途径。最后,在心脏类器官药物评价研究中发现,溴域、外家族抑制剂、BETi和apabetalone等药物可能是治疗SARs-CoV-2心脏损伤的有效药物。摘要:类器官是研究病毒感染效应以及药物筛选和评价研究的有效工具。通过使用类器官,可以进行更准确的疾病建模,并且可以更好地了解感染和治疗的生理效应。
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来源期刊
Current Stem Cell Reports
Current Stem Cell Reports Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Genetics
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
19
期刊介绍: The goal of this journal is to publish cutting-edge reviews on subjects pertinent to all aspects of stem cell research, therapy, ethics, commercialization, and policy. We aim to provide incisive, insightful, and balanced contributions from leading experts in each relevant domain that will be of immediate interest to a wide readership of clinicians, basic scientists, and translational investigators. We accomplish this aim by appointing major authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the discipline. Section Editors select topics to be reviewed by leading experts who emphasize recent developments and highlight important papers published over the past year on their topics, in a crisp and readable format. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field, and an Editorial Board of internationally diverse members suggests topics of special interest to their country/region and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research.
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