Joaquín Cordero-Martínez, Guadalupe Elizabeth Jimenez-Gutierrez, Charmina Aguirre-Alvarado, Verónica Alacántara-Farfán, Germán Chamorro-Cevallos, Ana L Roa-Espitia, Enrique O Hernández-González, Lorena Rodríguez-Páez
{"title":"Participation of signaling proteins in sperm hyperactivation.","authors":"Joaquín Cordero-Martínez, Guadalupe Elizabeth Jimenez-Gutierrez, Charmina Aguirre-Alvarado, Verónica Alacántara-Farfán, Germán Chamorro-Cevallos, Ana L Roa-Espitia, Enrique O Hernández-González, Lorena Rodríguez-Páez","doi":"10.1080/19396368.2022.2122761","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sperm hyperactivation is described as a fast whip movement of the flagellum, an irregular trajectory, and an asymmetrically flagellum bend. This motility pattern is achieved during the passage of the sperm along the female genital tract. It helps the spermatozoa to cross through different viscous ambient fluids to finally reach the oocyte. Important signaling proteins are located in the sperm head and flagellum, and they all play an important role in the cascade that controls the sperm hyperactivation. The presence of HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> modulates the activity of the soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC), leading to the production of cAMP. In turn, cAMP modulates the sperm-specific Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> exchanger (sNHE) and the t-complex protein 11 (TCP11) which play an essential role on the signaling pathway (cAMP/PKA and tyrosine phosphorylation) and sperm hypermotility. sNHE, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), and voltage-gated proton channel (Hv) mainly contribute to the regulation of the intracellular pH (pHi) during capacitation. HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> entrance and the removal of H<sup>+</sup> from the cytoplasm induces the alkalization of pHi, and this change will contribute to the activation of the cation channel of sperm (CatSper). Recently, it was described the participation on sperm motility and the regulation of calcium channels of an autophagy-related protein, the microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3). This review gathers important literature about the essential roles of sAC, sNHE, CFTR, Hv, and CatSper in the acquisition of sperm hyperactivation, and provides an integrated overview of recently described roles of TCP11 and LC3 on the sperm signaling pathway. Additionally, we provide insight into the infertility induced by the dysfunction of these critical proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":22184,"journal":{"name":"Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19396368.2022.2122761","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ANDROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Sperm hyperactivation is described as a fast whip movement of the flagellum, an irregular trajectory, and an asymmetrically flagellum bend. This motility pattern is achieved during the passage of the sperm along the female genital tract. It helps the spermatozoa to cross through different viscous ambient fluids to finally reach the oocyte. Important signaling proteins are located in the sperm head and flagellum, and they all play an important role in the cascade that controls the sperm hyperactivation. The presence of HCO3- modulates the activity of the soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC), leading to the production of cAMP. In turn, cAMP modulates the sperm-specific Na+/H+ exchanger (sNHE) and the t-complex protein 11 (TCP11) which play an essential role on the signaling pathway (cAMP/PKA and tyrosine phosphorylation) and sperm hypermotility. sNHE, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), and voltage-gated proton channel (Hv) mainly contribute to the regulation of the intracellular pH (pHi) during capacitation. HCO3- entrance and the removal of H+ from the cytoplasm induces the alkalization of pHi, and this change will contribute to the activation of the cation channel of sperm (CatSper). Recently, it was described the participation on sperm motility and the regulation of calcium channels of an autophagy-related protein, the microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3). This review gathers important literature about the essential roles of sAC, sNHE, CFTR, Hv, and CatSper in the acquisition of sperm hyperactivation, and provides an integrated overview of recently described roles of TCP11 and LC3 on the sperm signaling pathway. Additionally, we provide insight into the infertility induced by the dysfunction of these critical proteins.
期刊介绍:
Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine, SBiRM, publishes Research Articles, Communications, Applications Notes that include protocols a Clinical Corner that includes case reports, Review Articles and Hypotheses and Letters to the Editor on human and animal reproduction. The journal will highlight the use of systems approaches including genomic, cellular, proteomic, metabolomic, bioinformatic, molecular, and biochemical, to address fundamental questions in reproductive biology, reproductive medicine, and translational research. The journal publishes research involving human and animal gametes, stem cells, developmental biology and toxicology, and clinical care in reproductive medicine. Specific areas of interest to the journal include: male factor infertility and germ cell biology, reproductive technologies (gamete micro-manipulation and cryopreservation, in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer (IVF/ET) and contraception. Research that is directed towards developing new or enhanced technologies for clinical medicine or scientific research in reproduction is of significant interest to the journal.