Actinomycotic osteomyelitis of the maxilla in a female patient: A rare case report with the review of the literature.

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
Lokesh S Kumar, Vaishali Keluskar, Zameera Naik
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Abstract

Actinomycotic osteomyelitis is a rare chronic suppurative, granulomatous, fibrosing saprophytic infection. It is an endogenous infection caused by the Actinomyces species, which are part of the normal oral microflora. There is a male predilection for this type of infection, with the male to female ratio of 4:1. Though the etiopathogenesis of the infection is unclear, it is mostly attributed to the disruption of the normal oral microflora and the invasion of the microorganism into deeper tissues through a break in the mucosal barrier due to damage from trauma, extraction or previous injury. The portal of entry can be through the pulpal, periodontal or mucosal route, causing the purulent and necrotic infection of soft tissue, bone, or both. The diagnosis is usually considered when there is a persistent infection without the presence of regional lymphadenopathy and is usually confirmed through the histopathological depiction of the bacterial colonies - 'ray fungus' - as obtaining the positive culture of the causative microorganisms is difficult and is reported to be effective in less than 50%. Patients with such infections are managed with surgical debridement, followed by antibiotic therapy for a longer time period. Recent advances have been emphasized for an early diagnosis and a better prognosis of the therapy. Therefore, this paper aimed to present a rare case of actinomycotic osteomyelitis of the maxilla in a 45-year-old female patient, and also to review the literature on this rare infection.

一名女性患者的上颌骨放线菌性骨髓炎:罕见病例报告及文献综述。
放线菌性骨髓炎是一种罕见的慢性化脓性、肉芽肿性、纤维化无菌性感染。它是由放线菌引起的内源性感染,放线菌是正常口腔微生物菌群的一部分。这种感染有男性偏好,男女比例为 4:1。虽然这种感染的病因尚不清楚,但主要是由于正常的口腔微生物菌群遭到破坏,微生物通过因外伤、拔牙或以前的损伤造成的粘膜屏障破损侵入深层组织。侵入途径可以是牙髓、牙周或粘膜,造成软组织、骨或两者的化脓性坏死感染。由于很难获得致病微生物的阳性培养结果,据报道有效率不到 50%,因此通常通过细菌菌落的组织病理学描述--"射线真菌"--来确诊。对此类感染患者的处理方法是手术清创,然后进行较长时间的抗生素治疗。最近的进展强调了早期诊断和更好的预后治疗。因此,本文旨在介绍一例罕见的放线菌性上颌骨骨髓炎病例,患者为一名45岁的女性患者,并回顾了有关这种罕见感染的文献。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
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