Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in chicken hearts from markets and retail stores in Northern Iran

IF 2.9 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Food and Waterborne Parasitology Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.fawpar.2022.e00166

Somayeh Abbaszadeh , Aref Teimouri , Mohammad Reza Mahmoudi , Zahra Atrkar Roushan , Nayereh Hajipour , Bijan Majidi-Shad , Meysam Sharifdini

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Abstract

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in chicken products indicates risk of transmission to consumers. The objective of the current study was to investigate the molecular prevalence of T. gondii in free-ranging and industrial chickens in Guilan province, Northern Iran. A total of 150 chicken heart samples including 75 free-range and 75 industrial chickens were collected from farmers' markets and chicken retailers in Guilan, Northern Iran, between October 2017 and August 2018. Genomic DNA were extracted from samples and examined for evidence of T. gondii using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the B1 gene. The B1-positive samples were further analyzed by nested-PCR for SAG1 gene. Of the 150 samples, T. gondii DNA fragments were detected in 59 (39.3%), including 30 (40%) free-range and 29 (38.7%) industrial chicken. No significant differences of T. gondii DNA detection was observed between the free-range and industrial chicken samples (p = 0.73). Four selected positive samples were used for amplifying and sequencing of the SAG1 gene. The results revealed that all four sequences of SAG1 had 100% similarity with T. gondii sequences previously isolated from an AIDS/HIV patient in Mazandaran province, Northern Iran. Furthermore, the phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that all four sequences were closely related to Type I of T. gondii. However, our Type I identification is preliminary and needs to be confirmed by further multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis. The findings of the present study provide new data about the presence of T. gondii DNA in chicken hearts in the study area. These results confirm that chicken can be used as sentinels for environment contamination; however, further studies are needed to determine the viability of T. gondii in chicken hearts from Iran for risk assessment.

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伊朗北部市场和零售商店鸡心中刚地弓形虫的分子检测

在鸡肉产品中检测到刚地弓形虫，表明有传播给消费者的风险。本研究的目的是调查伊朗北部桂兰省散养鸡和工业鸡中弓形虫的分子流行情况。2017年10月至2018年8月期间，研究人员从伊朗北部桂兰的农贸市场和鸡肉零售商收集了150只鸡心脏样本，其中包括75只散养鸡和75只工业鸡。从样本中提取基因组DNA，并使用靶向B1基因的聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测弓形虫的证据。b1阳性标本进一步采用巢式pcr检测SAG1基因。150份样本中检出弓形虫DNA片段59份(39.3%)，其中散养鸡30份(40%)，工业鸡29份(38.7%)。散养鸡和工业鸡的弓形虫DNA检测差异无统计学意义(p = 0.73)。选取4个阳性样本对SAG1基因进行扩增和测序。结果显示，SAG1的所有4个序列与先前从伊朗北部Mazandaran省的一名艾滋病/HIV患者中分离的弓形虫序列具有100%的相似性。系统发育分析表明，这4个序列均与弓形虫ⅰ型亲缘关系密切。然而，我们的I型鉴定是初步的，需要进一步的多位点序列分型(MLST)分析来证实。本研究结果为研究区鸡心脏中弓形虫DNA的存在提供了新的数据。这些结果证实了鸡可以作为环境污染的哨兵;然而，需要进一步的研究来确定伊朗鸡心脏中弓形虫的生存能力，以进行风险评估。

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来源期刊

Food and Waterborne Parasitology Immunology and Microbiology-Parasitology

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

4.00%

发文量

审稿时长

13 weeks

期刊介绍： Food and Waterborne Parasitology publishes high quality papers containing original research findings, investigative reports, and scientific proceedings on parasites which are transmitted to humans via the consumption of food or water. The relevant parasites include protozoa, nematodes, cestodes and trematodes which are transmitted by food or water and capable of infecting humans. Pertinent food includes products of animal or plant origin which are domestic or wild, and consumed by humans. Animals and plants from both terrestrial and aquatic sources are included, as well as studies related to potable and other types of water which serve to harbor, perpetuate or disseminate food and waterborne parasites. Studies dealing with prevalence, transmission, epidemiology, risk assessment and mitigation, including control measures and test methodologies for parasites in food and water are of particular interest. Evidence of the emergence of such parasites and interactions among domestic animals, wildlife and humans are of interest. The impact of parasites on the health and welfare of humans is viewed as very important and within scope of the journal. Manuscripts with scientifically generated information on associations between food and waterborne parasitic diseases and lifestyle, culture and economies are also welcome. Studies involving animal experiments must meet the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals as issued by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences.