[Role of inflammasome NLRP3 in the pathophysiology of viral infections: A focus on SARS-CoV-2 infection].

Medecine sciences : M/S Pub Date : 2022-06-01 Epub Date: 2022-06-29 DOI:10.1051/medsci/2022080
Marlène Chemarin, Océane Dufies, Anastassia Mazet, Eva Mellan, Rémy Coudereau, Bénédicte F Py, Laurent Boyer, Fabienne Venet
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

NLRP3 is one of the best characterized innate immune cytosolic sensor. As part of the innate immune response, the NLRP3 inflammasome detects a wide range of danger signals such as pathogens, tissue damages, cellular stress. The priming and activation of NLRP3 lead to the formation of an oligomeric intracellular complex and to the recruitment and activation of caspase-1. Once activated, not only this inflammasome complex controls the processing and release of pro-inflammatory factors including IL-1β and IL-18, but also the inflammatory cell death pyroptosis mediated by gasdermin D pores. In this review, we describe the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation in viral infections with a particular interest on SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, we present therapies evaluated or under evaluation targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway as COVID-19 treatment.

[炎性体NLRP3在病毒感染病理生理中的作用:以SARS-CoV-2感染为例]。
NLRP3是表征最明确的先天免疫细胞质传感器之一。作为先天免疫反应的一部分,NLRP3炎性体可以检测各种危险信号,如病原体、组织损伤、细胞应激。NLRP3的启动和激活导致细胞内寡聚复合物的形成和caspase-1的募集和激活。一旦激活,该炎性小体复合物不仅控制IL-1β和IL-18等促炎因子的加工和释放,而且还控制由气真皮蛋白D孔介导的炎症细胞死亡焦亡。在这篇综述中,我们描述了NLRP3炎性体激活在病毒感染中的作用,并特别关注SARS-CoV-2感染。此外,我们提出了已评估或正在评估的靶向NLRP3炎症小体途径的疗法作为COVID-19治疗。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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