Decreased associative processing and memory confidence in aphantasia.

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Learning & memory Pub Date : 2022-10-17 Print Date: 2022-11-01 DOI:10.1101/lm.053610.122

Bianca C Wittmann, Yılmaz Şatırer

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Visual imagery and mental reconstruction of scenes are considered core components of episodic memory retrieval. Individuals with absent visual imagery (aphantasia) score lower on tests of autobiographical memory, suggesting that aphantasia may be associated with differences in episodic and associative processing. In this online study, we tested aphantasic participants and controls on associative recognition and memory confidence for three types of associations encoded incidentally: associations between visual-visual and audio-visual stimulus pairs, associations between an object and its location on the screen, and intraitem associations. Aphantasic participants had a lower rate of high-confidence hits in all associative memory tests compared with controls. Performance on auditory-visual associations was correlated with individual differences in a measure of object imagery in the aphantasic group but not in controls. No overall group difference in memory performance was found, indicating that visual imagery selectively contributes to memory confidence. Analysis of the encoding task revealed that aphantasics made fewer associative links between the stimuli, suggesting a role for visual imagery in associative processing of visual and auditory input. These data enhance our understanding of visual imagery contributions to associative memory and further characterize the cognitive profile of aphantasia.

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失语症的联想处理和记忆信心下降。

视觉图像和场景的心理重建被认为是情景记忆检索的核心组成部分。视觉意象缺失（失语症）的个体在自传体记忆测试中得分较低，这表明失语症可能与情节和联想处理的差异有关。在这项在线研究中，我们测试了失语症参与者和对照组的联想识别和记忆置信度，以确定三种偶然编码的联想：视觉-视觉和视听刺激对之间的联想、物体及其在屏幕上的位置之间的联想，以及项内联想。与对照组相比，失语症参与者在所有联想记忆测试中的高置信度命中率较低。失语症组的听觉视觉联想表现与物体意象测量的个体差异相关，而对照组则不然。在记忆表现上没有发现整体的群体差异，这表明视觉图像有选择性地有助于记忆信心。对编码任务的分析表明，失语症患者在刺激之间的联想联系较少，这表明视觉图像在视觉和听觉输入的联想处理中发挥了作用。这些数据增强了我们对视觉图像对联想记忆的贡献的理解，并进一步表征了失语症的认知特征。

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来源期刊

Learning & memory 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

5.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The neurobiology of learning and memory is entering a new interdisciplinary era. Advances in neuropsychology have identified regions of brain tissue that are critical for certain types of function. Electrophysiological techniques have revealed behavioral correlates of neuronal activity. Studies of synaptic plasticity suggest that some mechanisms of memory formation may resemble those of neural development. And molecular approaches have identified genes with patterns of expression that influence behavior. It is clear that future progress depends on interdisciplinary investigations. The current literature of learning and memory is large but fragmented. Until now, there has been no single journal devoted to this area of study and no dominant journal that demands attention by serious workers in the area, regardless of specialty. Learning & Memory provides a forum for these investigations in the form of research papers and review articles.