Racial Disparities in Prostate Cancer Stage at Diagnosis Persist Despite Community Affluence.

Abstract

Purpose: The aims of this investigation were to evaluate racial disparities in prostate cancer among men living in a relatively affluent community with access to high quality healthcare.

Patients and methods: This retrospective study included 1363 cases with prostate cancer entered into the Stony Brook Cancer Center registry between 2010 and 2020. Demographic and other factors, including the Distressed Community Index (DCI) which provides an indicator of socioeconomic status by zip code, were analyzed as predictors of later stage disease using logistic regression.

Results: Approximately 60% of cases resided in a "prosperous" zip code (DCI<20) with median (range) DCI of 16.3 (1.1, 61.8). Black men were diagnosed with later stage disease at a higher rate (p=0.03) and were more likely to be diagnosed at a younger age (p<0.01) compared to White men. However, the distribution of cancer stage stratified by DCI and race did not differ among groups. Black men were 3 times more likely to have Medicaid and a history of diabetes, as well as 33% more likely to have hypertension than White men. Black race (OR=2.08, (1.26, 3.42)), older age (OR=2.56 (1.67, 3.90)) and current smoking (OR=1.61 (1.07, 2.42)) were significant contributors of later stage cancer.

Conclusion: Black men residing in a relatively affluent suburb were diagnosed at younger ages, later stages, and were more likely to have additional comorbidities compared to White men. This study highlights the complexity of the environmental, societal, and biological contributors to racial disparities that warrants further investigation into the underlying causes for the excess burden on Black men.