Neural protection by naturopathic compounds-an example of tetramethylpyrazine from retina to brain.

Zhiqun Tan
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引用次数: 10

Abstract

Given the advantages of being stable in the ambient environment, being permeable to the blood-brain and/or blood-eye barriers and being convenient for administration, naturopathic compounds have growingly become promising therapeutic candidates for neural protection. Extracted from one of the most common Chinese herbal medicines, tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), also designated as ligustrazine, has been suggested to be neuroprotective in the central nervous system as well as the peripheral nerve network. Although the detailed molecular mechanisms of its efficacy for neural protection are understood limitedly, accumulating evidence suggests that antioxidative stress, antagonism for calcium, and suppression of pro-inflammatory factors contribute significantly to its neuroprotection. In animal studies, systemic administration of TMP (subcutaneous injection, 50 mg/kg) significantly blocked neuronal degeneration in hippocampus as well as the other vulnerable regions in brains of Sprague-Dawley rats following kainate-induced prolonged seizures. Results from us and others also demonstrated potent neuroprotective efficacy of TMP for retinal cells and robust benefits for brain in Alzheimer's disease or other brain injury. These results suggest a promising prospect for TMP to be used as a treatment of specific neurodegenerative diseases. Given the assessment of the distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity information that is already available on most neuroprotective naturopathic compounds such as TMP, it would not take much preclinical data to justify bringing such therapeutic compounds to clinical trials in humans.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

自然疗法化合物的神经保护作用——以四甲基吡嗪为例,从视网膜到大脑。
由于在环境中稳定、可穿透血脑和/或血眼屏障以及方便给药等优点,自然疗法化合物已日益成为有希望的神经保护治疗候选药物。川芎嗪(tetramethylpyrazine,简称川芎嗪)是一种常见的中草药,被认为对中枢神经系统和周围神经网络具有神经保护作用。虽然其神经保护作用的详细分子机制尚不清楚,但越来越多的证据表明,抗氧化应激、钙拮抗和抑制促炎因子对其神经保护作用有重要作用。在动物实验中,全身给药TMP(皮下注射,50mg /kg)可显著阻断sd大鼠海马及其他大脑脆弱区域的神经元变性。我们和其他人的研究结果也表明,TMP对视网膜细胞有强大的神经保护作用,对阿尔茨海默病或其他脑损伤的大脑有强大的益处。这些结果表明TMP用于治疗特定神经退行性疾病的前景广阔。考虑到对大多数神经保护自然疗法化合物(如TMP)的分布、代谢、排泄和毒性信息的评估,不需要太多的临床前数据来证明将这种治疗性化合物用于人体临床试验是合理的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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