Epithelial integrity, junctional complexes, and biomarkers associated with intestinal functions.

IF 3.6 Q2 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Tissue Barriers Pub Date : 2022-07-03 Epub Date: 2021-10-30 DOI:10.1080/21688370.2021.1996830

Arash Alizadeh, Peyman Akbari, Johan Garssen, Johanna Fink-Gremmels, Saskia Braber

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引用次数: 18

Abstract

An intact intestinal barrier is crucial for immune homeostasis and its impairment activates the immune system and may result in chronic inflammation. The epithelial cells of the intestinal barrier are connected by tight junctions, which form an anastomosing network sealing adjacent epithelial cells. Tight junctions are composed of transmembrane and cytoplasmic scaffolding proteins. Transmembrane tight junction proteins at the apical-lateral membrane of the cell consist of occludin, claudins, junctional adhesion molecules, and tricellulin. Cytoplasmic scaffolding proteins, including zonula occludens, cingulin and afadin, provide a direct link between transmembrane tight junction proteins and the intracellular cytoskeleton. Each individual component of the tight junction network closely interacts with each other to form an efficient intestinal barrier. This review aims to describe the molecular structure of intestinal epithelial tight junction proteins and to characterize their organization and interaction. Moreover, clinically important biomarkers associated with impairment of gastrointestinal integrity are discussed.

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上皮完整性、连接复合物和与肠道功能相关的生物标志物。

完整的肠道屏障对免疫稳态至关重要，其损伤激活免疫系统并可能导致慢性炎症。肠屏障的上皮细胞通过紧密连接连接在一起，形成一个将相邻上皮细胞封闭的吻合网络。紧密连接由跨膜和细胞质支架蛋白组成。细胞顶侧膜上的跨膜紧密连接蛋白由occludin、claudin、连接粘附分子和tricellulin组成。细胞质支架蛋白，包括闭塞带、环蛋白和黄嘌呤，提供了跨膜紧密连接蛋白和细胞内细胞骨架之间的直接联系。紧密连接网络的每个单独组成部分彼此密切相互作用，形成有效的肠道屏障。本文综述了肠上皮紧密连接蛋白的分子结构及其组织和相互作用。此外，还讨论了与胃肠道完整性损伤相关的临床重要生物标志物。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Tissue Barriers MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL-

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

6.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： Tissue Barriers is the first international interdisciplinary journal that focuses on the architecture, biological roles and regulation of tissue barriers and intercellular junctions. We publish high quality peer-reviewed articles that cover a wide range of topics including structure and functions of the diverse and complex tissue barriers that occur across tissue and cell types, including the molecular composition and dynamics of polarized cell junctions and cell-cell interactions during normal homeostasis, injury and disease state. Tissue barrier formation in regenerative medicine and restoration of tissue and organ function is also of interest. Tissue Barriers publishes several categories of articles including: Original Research Papers, Short Communications, Technical Papers, Reviews, Perspectives and Commentaries, Hypothesis and Meeting Reports. Reviews and Perspectives/Commentaries will typically be invited. We also anticipate to publish special issues that are devoted to rapidly developing or controversial areas of research. Suggestions for topics are welcome. Tissue Barriers objectives: Promote interdisciplinary awareness and collaboration between researchers working with epithelial, epidermal and endothelial barriers and to build a broad and cohesive worldwide community of scientists interesting in this exciting field. Comprehend the enormous complexity of tissue barriers and map cross-talks and interactions between their different cellular and non-cellular components. Highlight the roles of tissue barrier dysfunctions in human diseases. Promote understanding and strategies for restoration of tissue barrier formation and function in regenerative medicine. Accelerate a search for pharmacological enhancers of tissue barriers as potential therapeutic agents. Understand and optimize drug delivery across epithelial and endothelial barriers.