Novel Insights into Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Toxicity and Implications for Risk Assessment: Occurrence, Genotoxicity, Toxicokinetics, Risk Assessment-A Workshop Report.

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL
Planta medica Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Epub Date: 2021-10-29 DOI:10.1055/a-1646-3618
Dieter Schrenk, Jörg Fahrer, Ashley Allemang, Peter Fu, Ge Lin, Catherine Mahony, Patrick P J Mulder, Ad Peijnenburg, Stefan Pfuhler, Ivonne M C M Rietjens, Benjamin Sachse, Barbara Steinhoff, Anja These, John Troutman, Jacqueline Wiesner
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引用次数: 9

Abstract

This paper reports on the major contributions and results of the 2nd International Workshop of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids held in September 2020 in Kaiserslautern, Germany. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are among the most relevant plant toxins contaminating food, feed, and medicinal products of plant origin. Hundreds of PA congeners with widespread occurrence are known, and thousands of plants are assumed to contain PAs. Due to certain PAs' pronounced liver toxicity and carcinogenicity, their occurrence in food, feed, and phytomedicines has raised serious human health concerns. This is particularly true for herbal teas, certain food supplements, honey, and certain phytomedicinal drugs. Due to the limited availability of animal data, broader use of in vitro data appears warranted to improve the risk assessment of a large number of relevant, 1,2-unsaturated PAs. This is true, for example, for the derivation of both toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic data. These efforts aim to understand better the modes of action, uptake, metabolism, elimination, toxicity, and genotoxicity of PAs to enable a detailed dose-response analysis and ultimately quantify differing toxic potencies between relevant PAs. Accordingly, risk-limiting measures comprising production, marketing, and regulation of food, feed, and medicinal products are discussed.

吡咯利西啶生物碱毒性的新见解及其对风险评估的影响:发生,遗传毒性,毒性动力学,风险评估-研讨会报告。
本文报道了2020年9月在德国凯泽斯劳滕举行的第二届吡咯烷类生物碱国际研讨会的主要贡献和成果。吡咯利西啶生物碱是污染食品、饲料和植物源性药品的最相关的植物毒素之一。数百种广泛存在的PA同系物是已知的,数千种植物被认为含有PA。由于某些PAs具有明显的肝毒性和致癌性,它们在食品、饲料和植物药中的出现引起了严重的人类健康问题。对于草药茶、某些食品补充剂、蜂蜜和某些植物药来说尤其如此。由于动物数据的可用性有限,更广泛地使用体外数据似乎有必要改善对大量相关的1,2-不饱和PAs的风险评估。例如,对于毒物动力学和毒物动力学数据的推导都是如此。这些努力旨在更好地了解PAs的作用模式、摄取、代谢、消除、毒性和遗传毒性,以便进行详细的剂量反应分析,并最终量化相关PAs之间的不同毒性。因此,讨论了包括食品、饲料和医药产品的生产、销售和监管在内的风险限制措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Planta medica
Planta medica 医学-药学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
3.70%
发文量
101
审稿时长
1.8 months
期刊介绍: Planta Medica is one of the leading international journals in the field of natural products – including marine organisms, fungi as well as micro-organisms – and medicinal plants. Planta Medica accepts original research papers, reviews, minireviews and perspectives from researchers worldwide. The journal publishes 18 issues per year. The following areas of medicinal plants and natural product research are covered: -Biological and Pharmacological Activities -Natural Product Chemistry & Analytical Studies -Pharmacokinetic Investigations -Formulation and Delivery Systems of Natural Products. The journal explicitly encourages the submission of chemically characterized extracts.
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