{"title":"High Prevalence of <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M</sub> in Fecal Commensal <i>Escherichia coli</i> from Healthy Children.","authors":"Katherine Alcedo, Joaquim Ruiz, Theresa J Ochoa, Maribel Riveros","doi":"10.3947/ic.2021.0102","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antibiotic-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> can colonize the intestinal tract of healthy children, causing concern when antibiotic resistance is related to the presence of transferable mechanisms, such as extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fecal samples from 41 healthy children from two villages of rural Peru were cultured on ceftriaxone-disks. ESBL production was confirmed with double disk synergy. In all ESBL-produced isolates, antibiotic susceptibility to 12 antibacterial agents was established by disk diffusion, while clonal relationships were determined by repetitive extragenic palindromic-polymerase chain reaction (REP-PCR). Presence of ST131 was determined using PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ceftriaxone-resistant microorganisms were recovered from 39 samples belonging to 22 out of 41 children (53.7%). Of these, 80 ceftriaxone-resistant and two ceftriaxone-intermediate <i>E. coli</i> from inside ceftriaxone-halos were confirmed as ESBL-producers. All isolates were multidrug-resistant. In 79/80 (98.8%) ceftriaxone-resistant isolates, the presence of <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M</sub> was detected alone (58 isolates, or together with other β-lactamase (<i>bla</i><sub>TEM</sub>, 17 isolates; <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-1</sub><i><sub>-</sub></i><sub>like</sub>, 3 isolates; <i>bla</i><sub>TEM</sub> + <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-1-like</sub>, 1 isolate), while in one isolate no such ESBL was identified. The two ceftriaxone-intermediate isolates recovered from the same sample, carried a <i>bla</i><sub>TEM</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>SHV</sub> respectively. Thirty-four different clones were identified, with 4 clones being recovered from different samples from the same child. Twelve clones were disseminated among different children, including 5 clones disseminated between both villages. Two clones, accounting for 3 isolates and both recovered from the same children, belonged to <i>E. coli</i> ST131.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates high prevalence of ESBL-carriers among healthy children living in a rural area of Peru, stressing the need for continuous surveillance and search for public health control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":520645,"journal":{"name":"Infection & chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"59-69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e8/ea/ic-54-59.PMC8987167.pdf","citationCount":"6","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Infection & chemotherapy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2021.0102","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2021/12/27 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Abstract
Background: Antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli can colonize the intestinal tract of healthy children, causing concern when antibiotic resistance is related to the presence of transferable mechanisms, such as extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs).
Materials and methods: Fecal samples from 41 healthy children from two villages of rural Peru were cultured on ceftriaxone-disks. ESBL production was confirmed with double disk synergy. In all ESBL-produced isolates, antibiotic susceptibility to 12 antibacterial agents was established by disk diffusion, while clonal relationships were determined by repetitive extragenic palindromic-polymerase chain reaction (REP-PCR). Presence of ST131 was determined using PCR.
Results: Ceftriaxone-resistant microorganisms were recovered from 39 samples belonging to 22 out of 41 children (53.7%). Of these, 80 ceftriaxone-resistant and two ceftriaxone-intermediate E. coli from inside ceftriaxone-halos were confirmed as ESBL-producers. All isolates were multidrug-resistant. In 79/80 (98.8%) ceftriaxone-resistant isolates, the presence of blaCTX-M was detected alone (58 isolates, or together with other β-lactamase (blaTEM, 17 isolates; blaOXA-1-like, 3 isolates; blaTEM + blaOXA-1-like, 1 isolate), while in one isolate no such ESBL was identified. The two ceftriaxone-intermediate isolates recovered from the same sample, carried a blaTEM and blaSHV respectively. Thirty-four different clones were identified, with 4 clones being recovered from different samples from the same child. Twelve clones were disseminated among different children, including 5 clones disseminated between both villages. Two clones, accounting for 3 isolates and both recovered from the same children, belonged to E. coli ST131.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates high prevalence of ESBL-carriers among healthy children living in a rural area of Peru, stressing the need for continuous surveillance and search for public health control measures.
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