Case-control study of prolactin and placental lactogen in SGA pregnancies.

Reproduction & Fertility Pub Date : 2021-09-10 eCollection Date: 2021-12-01 DOI:10.1530/RAF-21-0020
Sharon R Ladyman, Caroline M Larsen, Rennae S Taylor, David R Grattan, Lesley M E McCowan
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Prolactin and placental lactogens increase during pregnancy and are involved with many aspects of maternal metabolic adaptation to pregnancy, likely to impact on fetal growth. The aim of this study was to determine whether maternal plasma prolactin or placental lactogen concentrations at 20 weeks of gestation were associated with later birth of small-for-gestational-age babies (SGA). In a nested case-control study, prolactin and placental lactogen in plasma samples obtained at 20 weeks of gestation were compared between 40 women who gave birth to SGA babies and 40 women with uncomplicated pregnancies and size appropriate-for-gestation-age (AGA) babies. Samples were collected as part of the 'screening of pregnancy endpoints' (SCOPE) prospective cohort study. SGA was defined as birthweight <10th customized birthweight centile (adjusted for maternal weight, height, ethnicity, parity, infant sex, and gestation age) in mothers who remained normotensive. No significant differences were observed in concentrations of prolactin or placental lactogen from women who gave birth to SGA babies compared with women with uncomplicated pregnancies. However, a sex-specific association was observed in SGA pregnancies, whereby lower maternal prolactin concentration at 20 weeks of gestation was observed in SGA pregnancies that were carrying a male fetus (132.0 ± 46.7 ng/mL vs 103.5 ± 38.3 ng/mL, mean ± s.d., P = 0.036 Student's t-test) compared to control pregnancies carrying a male fetus. Despite the implications of these lactogenic hormones in maternal metabolism, single measurements of either prolactin or placental lactogen at 20 weeks of gestation are unlikely to be useful biomarkers for SGA pregnancies.

Lay summary: Early identification during pregnancy of small for gestational age (SGA) babies would enable interventions to lower risk of complications around birth (perinatal), but current detection rates of these at risk babies is low. Pregnancy hormones, prolactin and placental lactogen, are involved in metabolic changes that are required for the mother to support optimal growth and development of her offspring during pregnancy. The levels of these hormones may provide a measurable indicator (biomarker) to help identify these at risk pregnancies. Levels of these hormones were measured in samples from week 20 of gestation from women who went on to have SGA babies and control pregnancies where babies were born at a size appropriate for gestation age. Despite the implications of prolactin and placental lactogen in maternal metabolism, no significant differences were detected suggesting that single measures of either prolactin or placental lactogen at 20 weeks gestation are unlikely to be useful biomarker to help detect SGA pregnancies.

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SGA妊娠中催乳素和胎盘乳素的病例对照研究。
催乳素和胎盘乳原在怀孕期间增加,并参与母亲对怀孕的代谢适应的许多方面,可能影响胎儿的生长。本研究的目的是确定妊娠20周时母体血浆催乳素或胎盘乳素浓度是否与较晚出生的小胎龄儿(SGA)有关。在一项巢式病例对照研究中,研究人员比较了40名生SGA婴儿的妇女和40名无并发症妊娠和适合胎龄(AGA)婴儿的妇女在妊娠20周时获得的血浆样本中的催乳素和胎盘乳素。样本收集作为“妊娠终点筛查”(SCOPE)前瞻性队列研究的一部分。SGA定义为出生体重P = 0.036(学生t检验),与携带男性胎儿的对照妊娠相比。尽管这些泌乳激素对母体代谢有影响,但妊娠20周时单次测量催乳素或胎盘乳素不太可能是SGA妊娠的有用生物标志物。总结:在怀孕期间早期识别小于胎龄(SGA)婴儿将使干预措施能够降低分娩(围产期)并发症的风险,但目前这些处于危险中的婴儿的检出率很低。妊娠激素,催乳素和胎盘乳原,参与代谢变化,这是母亲在怀孕期间支持其后代最佳生长发育所必需的。这些激素的水平可以提供一个可测量的指标(生物标志物)来帮助识别这些有风险的怀孕。这些激素的水平是在怀孕第20周的样本中测量的,这些样本来自那些继续生育SGA婴儿和控制怀孕的妇女,这些怀孕的婴儿出生在适合妊娠年龄的尺寸。尽管催乳素和胎盘乳素在母体代谢中具有重要意义,但没有发现显著差异,这表明妊娠20周时催乳素或胎盘乳素的单一测量不太可能成为帮助检测SGA妊娠的有用生物标志物。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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