Bovine Mastitis: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Bacterial Pathogens Isolated in Lactating Cows in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia.

IF 2.5 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Veterinary medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) Pub Date : 2022-01-07 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI:10.2147/VMRR.S344024
Nahom Belay, Nejib Mohammed, Wasihun Seyoum
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引用次数: 8

Abstract

Purpose: Mastitis is a disease known to cause a great deal of loss of production and has a major economic impact. In the study area, there is little current information on bovine mastitis. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the overall prevalence of bovine mastitis and its associated risk factors and isolate the major pathogenic bacteria.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2020 to September 2020 in selected dairy farms of Gamo Zone, southern Ethiopia. A total of 422 lactating cows were diagnosed for mastitis using the California mastitis test, clinical examination, and bacteriological methods.

Results: The overall prevalence of bovine mastitis determined in the area was 17.1% (72 of 422), of which 1.9% (eight of 422) was clinical and 15.2% (64 of 422) subclinical. Of 1,662 quarters examined, 7.94% (132) were positive. Bacteriological methods were also used to isolate the major pathogenic bacterial species associated with bovine mastitis. From 72 composite milk samples, growth of six different groups of bacteria was recorded in 64 (88.9%) samples. The most predominant bacterial pathogens isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (42.6%), ahead of Streptococcus spp. (26.2%), non-aureus staphylococci (14.8%), and Escherichia coli (11.5%). Salmonella spp. (3.3%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (1.6%) were the least isolated bacterial pathogens. Among risk factors, breed, parity, udder depth, and tick infestation of the udder showed statistically significant differences (P<0.05) regarding the occurrence of mastitis.

Conclusion: The current study revealed that mastitis is one of the health problems affecting dairy cows in Gamo. Enhancing the awareness of dairy farmers, regular screening, and improving hygienic conditions are critically important to control and prevent bovine mastitis in the study area.

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牛乳腺炎:流行,危险因素,和细菌病原体分离在哺乳期奶牛在埃塞俄比亚南部加莫区。
目的:乳腺炎是一种已知会造成大量生产损失和重大经济影响的疾病。在研究区域,目前关于牛乳腺炎的信息很少。因此,本研究旨在确定牛乳腺炎的总体患病率及其相关危险因素,并分离主要致病菌。方法:于2020年2月至2020年9月在埃塞俄比亚南部加莫区选定的奶牛场进行横断面研究。采用加州乳腺炎试验、临床检查和细菌学方法对422头泌乳奶牛进行乳腺炎诊断。结果:该地区牛乳腺炎的总体患病率为17.1%(72 / 422),其中临床患病率为1.9%(8 / 422),亚临床患病率为15.2%(64 / 422)。在1,662个季度中,7.94%(132个季度)呈阳性。细菌学方法也用于分离与牛乳腺炎相关的主要致病菌种。在72份复合牛奶样品中,64份(88.9%)样品中有6组不同的细菌生长。检出的主要病原菌为金黄色葡萄球菌(42.6%),其次为链球菌(26.2%)、非金黄色葡萄球菌(14.8%)和大肠杆菌(11.5%)。沙门氏菌(3.3%)和肺炎克雷伯菌(1.6%)是检出最少的致病菌。在危险因素中,品种、胎次、乳房深度、乳房蜱虫感染差异有统计学意义(p)。结论:乳腺炎是影响加莫奶牛健康问题之一。提高奶农的意识,定期筛查和改善卫生条件对控制和预防研究地区的牛乳腺炎至关重要。
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