Phosphorus digestibility and phytate degradation in pigs fed wheat-based diets with different intrinsic phytase activity and added microbial phytase.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of variation in wheat-derived phytase activity on myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate) (InsP₆) degradation, inositol phosphate (InsP) isomer concentration and phosphorus (P) digestibility in pigs fed wheat-based diets. Additional effects of a microbial phytase supplementation were also studied. Three wheat genotypes (W1-W3) with an analysed phytase activity between 2760 and 3700 FTU/kg were used to formulate four experimental diets that included soybean meal and rapeseed meal but did not contain a mineral P supplement. DietW1-DietW3 only differed in the included wheat genotypes (W1-W3) at an inclusion level of 400 g/kg. DietW3+ contained W3 and a commercial 6-phytase supplementation at 500 FTU/kg diet. Eight barrows with an initial body weight of 27 kg were fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ileum and assigned to the four dietary treatments in a completely randomised row column design. The experiment included four periods of 12 d each. The first 5 d of each period were for diet adaptation, followed by collection of faeces (4 d), ileal digesta (2 d), and blood (last day). In DietW1-DietW3, the mean precaecal (pc) InsP₆ disappearance was 48% and the mean pc P digestibility was 37% without a significant effect of the wheat genotype. The InsP₆ disappearance measured in the faeces was close to complete in all treatments, and faecal P digestibility was not significantly affected by the wheat genotype (36% overall). The addition of microbial phytase caused a significant increase in pc InsP₆ degradation (to 79%) and pc and total tract P digestibility (to 53% and 52%, respectively). The concentration of InsP₆ degradation products in ileal digesta was not significantly affected by the wheat genotype, except for that of Ins(1,2,3,4,6)P₅ and myo-inositol, which were higher in DietW3 than in DietW1 and DietW2. The added microbial phytase significantly reduced the concentration of InsP₅ isomers in the ileal digesta and increased the concentrations of lower InsP isomers and myo-inositol. There were no significant effects of the added microbial phytase on pc amino acid digestibility; however, the wheat genotype exerted significant effects on the pc digestibility of Cys, Gly and Val. It was concluded that an increase in the intrinsic phytase activity of wheat achieved by crossbreeding was not reflected in InsP₆ degradation and P digestibility in pigs fed wheat-based diets.