Lipid nutrition: “In silico” studies and undeveloped experiments

IF 14 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Bill Lands
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引用次数: 7

Abstract

This review examines lipids and lipid-binding sites on proteins in relation to cardiovascular disease. Lipid nutrition involves food energy from ingested fatty acids plus fatty acids formed from excess ingested carbohydrate and protein. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and lipoproteins have many detailed attributes not evident in their names. Recognizing attributes of lipid-protein interactions decreases unexpected outcomes. Details of double bond position and configuration interacting with protein binding sites have unexpected consequences in acyltransferase and cell replication events. Highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) have n-3 and n-6 motifs with documented differences in intensity of destabilizing positive feedback loops amplifying pathophysiology. However, actions of NEFA have been neglected relative to cholesterol, which is co-produced from excess food. Native low-density lipoproteins (LDL) bind to a high-affinity cell surface receptor which poorly recognizes biologically modified LDLs. NEFA increase negative charge of LDL and decrease its processing by “normal” receptors while increasing processing by “scavenger” receptors. A positive feedback loop in the recruitment of monocytes and macrophages amplifies chronic inflammatory pathophysiology. Computer tools combine multiple components in lipid nutrition and predict balance of energy and n-3:n-6 HUFA. The tools help design and execute precise clinical nutrition monitoring that either supports or disproves expectations.

脂质营养学:“计算机”研究和未开发的实验
本文综述了与心血管疾病相关的脂质和蛋白质上的脂质结合位点。脂质营养包括从摄入的脂肪酸中获取食物能量,以及由过量摄入的碳水化合物和蛋白质形成的脂肪酸。非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)和脂蛋白有许多详细的属性,在它们的名字中不明显。认识到脂质-蛋白相互作用的特性可以减少意想不到的结果。与蛋白质结合位点相互作用的双键位置和构型的细节在酰基转移酶和细胞复制事件中具有意想不到的后果。高度不饱和脂肪酸(HUFA)具有n-3和n-6基序,在破坏稳定的正反馈回路的强度上存在差异,放大了病理生理。然而,相对于胆固醇,NEFA的作用被忽视了,胆固醇是由过量食物共同产生的。天然低密度脂蛋白(LDL)与高亲和力的细胞表面受体结合,这种受体很难识别生物修饰的LDL。NEFA增加了LDL的负电荷,减少了“正常”受体对其的加工,而增加了“清扫剂”受体对其的加工。单核细胞和巨噬细胞募集中的正反馈循环放大了慢性炎症的病理生理。计算机工具结合了脂质营养中的多种成分,并预测了能量和n-3:n-6 HUFA的平衡。这些工具有助于设计和执行精确的临床营养监测,支持或反驳预期。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Progress in lipid research
Progress in lipid research 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
24.50
自引率
2.20%
发文量
37
审稿时长
14.6 weeks
期刊介绍: The significance of lipids as a fundamental category of biological compounds has been widely acknowledged. The utilization of our understanding in the fields of biochemistry, chemistry, and physiology of lipids has continued to grow in biotechnology, the fats and oils industry, and medicine. Moreover, new aspects such as lipid biophysics, particularly related to membranes and lipoproteins, as well as basic research and applications of liposomes, have emerged. To keep up with these advancements, there is a need for a journal that can evaluate recent progress in specific areas and provide a historical perspective on current research. Progress in Lipid Research serves this purpose.
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