Quantum Cognition.

IF 23.6 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY

Annual review of psychology Pub Date : 2022-01-04 Epub Date: 2021-09-21 DOI:10.1146/annurev-psych-033020-123501

Emmanuel M Pothos, Jerome R Busemeyer

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引用次数: 27

Abstract

Uncertainty is an intrinsic part of life; most events, affairs, and questions are uncertain. A key problem in behavioral sciences is how the mind copes with uncertain information. Quantum probability theory offers a set of principles for inference, which align well with intuition about psychological processes in certain cases: cases when it appears that inference is contextual, the mental state changes as a result of previous judgments, or there is interference between different possibilities. We motivate the use of quantum theory in cognition and its key characteristics. For each of these characteristics, we review relevant quantum cognitive models and empirical support. The scope of quantum cognitive models encompasses fallacies in decision-making (such as the conjunction fallacy or the disjunction effect), question order effects, conceptual combination, evidence accumulation, perception, over-/underdistribution effects in memory, and more. Quantum models often formalize psychological ideas previously expressed in heuristic terms, allow unified explanations of previously disparate findings, and have led to several surprising, novel predictions. We also cast a critical eye on quantum models and consider some of their shortcomings and issues regarding their further development.

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量子认知。

不确定性是生活固有的一部分;大多数事件、事务和问题都是不确定的。行为科学的一个关键问题是大脑如何处理不确定的信息。量子概率论为推理提供了一套原则，在某些情况下，这些原则与关于心理过程的直觉很好地结合在一起:在某些情况下，推理似乎是上下文相关的，心理状态因先前的判断而改变，或者不同可能性之间存在干扰。我们鼓励量子理论在认知及其关键特征中的应用。对于这些特征，我们回顾了相关的量子认知模型和经验支持。量子认知模型的范围包括决策中的谬误(如连接谬误或分离效应)、问题顺序效应、概念组合、证据积累、感知、记忆中的过度/不足分布效应等。量子模型经常形式化以前用启发式术语表达的心理学思想，允许对以前不同的发现进行统一的解释，并导致了一些令人惊讶的，新颖的预测。我们还对量子模型进行了批判性的关注，并考虑了它们的一些缺点和有关它们进一步发展的问题。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Annual review of psychology 医学-心理学

CiteScore

47.30

自引率

0.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Annual Review of Psychology, a publication that has been available since 1950, provides comprehensive coverage of the latest advancements in psychological research. It encompasses a wide range of topics, including the biological underpinnings of human behavior, the intricacies of our senses and perception, the functioning of the mind, animal behavior and learning, human development, psychopathology, clinical and counseling psychology, social psychology, personality, environmental psychology, community psychology, and much more. In a recent development, the current volume of this esteemed journal has transitioned from a subscription-based model to an open access format as part of the Annual Reviews' Subscribe to Open initiative. As a result, all articles published in this volume are now freely accessible to the public under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.