[A Link Between Eugenics and Law-the 'Medical-Juristic' Commentary in the Third Reich].

IF 0.2 4区哲学 Q4 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

NTM Pub Date : 2021-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-24 DOI:10.1007/s00048-021-00307-6

Vivian Yurdakul

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Before 1933 commentaries on laws were exclusively juristic texts, written and read only by legal professionals. Beginning in 1934, scholars from different disciplines, especially medical scientists, began writing juristic commentaries. The essay examines the reasons for this development and explores how it changed the genre, using the example of the most important commentary on the Blutschutz- and Ehegesundheitsgesetz, which resulted from the collaboration of two medical professionals and a legal professional. The article argues that the recruitment of non-juristic authors and the corresponding methodological changes were caused by a debate on a possible "reform" of juristic commentaries which took place in law journals. From the perspective of the National Socialist regime, the genre in its traditional form was not compatible with the Third Reich's philosophy of law.In this new genre, commentaries not only referred to legal problems, but also dealt with issues from other disciplines, such as medical questions. The essay modifies Mitchell G. Ash's theoretical approach regarding the "entanglement" of jurisprudence and other disciplines. Law and other sciences became, according to Ash, "resources for one another": Legal scholars could claim that legal decisions were based on scientific facts and therefore "unquestionable." The affected disciplines also gained greater importance as a result of this process in which their findings becoming legally relevant. This transformation also enabled them to acquire resources for new research projects.Moreover, the essay examines the connection between this development and the change of audience within German courts. Not only did the authors of the commentaries change, but also the recipients: Many laws passed after 1933 introduced new courts using lay judges, professionals with a non-law background. These "experts" came from multiple fields connecting them to the new law, such as medical professionals.

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[优生学与法律之间的联系——第三帝国的“医学法学”评论]。

在1933年之前，法律评论完全是法律文本，只有法律专业人员撰写和阅读。从1934年开始，来自不同学科的学者，特别是医学科学家，开始撰写法律评论。本文考察了这一发展的原因，并探讨了它如何改变了流派，使用最重要的Blutschutz和Ehegesundheitsgesetz评论的例子，这是由两名医疗专业人员和一名法律专业人员合作产生的。文章认为，聘请非法学作者和相应的方法变化是由法律期刊上关于可能“改革”法学评论的辩论引起的。从国家社会主义政权的角度来看，传统形式的法律流派与第三帝国的法律哲学不相容。在这种新的体裁中，评注不仅涉及法律问题，还涉及其他学科的问题，如医学问题。本文修正了米切尔·g·阿什关于法学和其他学科“纠缠”的理论方法。根据阿什的说法，法律和其他科学成为了“彼此的资源”:法律学者可以声称法律裁决是基于科学事实的，因此是“毋庸置疑的”。受影响的学科也获得了更大的重要性，因为在这一过程中，他们的发现具有法律意义。这种转变也使他们能够为新的研究项目获得资源。此外，本文还考察了这种发展与德国法院内部受众变化之间的联系。不仅评注的作者发生了变化，接受者也发生了变化:1933年以后通过的许多法律引入了新的法庭，使用非专业法官，即没有法律背景的专业人士。这些“专家”来自与新法律相关的多个领域，比如医疗专业人士。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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NTM HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE-

CiteScore

0.70

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0.00%

发文量

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