Fibrosis as a result of polyhexamethylene guanide exposure in cultured Statens Seruminstitut Rabbit Cornea (SIRC) cells.

Environmental analysis, health and toxicology Pub Date : 2021-06-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-07 DOI:10.5620/eaht.2021009
Handule Lee, Juyoung Park, Kwangsik Park
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

Previous research studies on the toxicity of polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) as a humidifier disinfectant majorly focused on lung fibrosis. Considering that disinfectants in humidifiers are released in aerosol form, the eyes are directly exposed and highly vulnerable to the detrimental effects of the PHMG. Therefore, in the present study we investigated the adverse effects of PHMG on the eyes; considering fibrosis as a manifestation of PHMG toxicity in the eye, we evaluated fibrosis-related biomarkers in cultured Statens Seruminstitut Rabbit Cornea (SIRC) cells. Cell viability was measured using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, fibrosis-related biomarkers were evaluated through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunoblotting, and oxidative stress was evaluated using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA). Polyhexamethylene guanidine showed cytotoxicity in a time and concentration-dependent manner. Fibrosis related biomarkers including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) increased in both gene and protein levels. Oxidative stress also increased in the PHMG-treated cultured cells. The findings of the present study suggest that PHMG could cause toxicity in the eye as manifested by fibrosis.

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在培养的Statens Seruminstitut兔角膜(SIRC)细胞中暴露于聚六亚甲基胍导致的纤维化。
以往关于聚六亚甲基胍(PHMG)作为加湿器消毒剂毒性的研究主要集中在肺纤维化方面。考虑到加湿器中的消毒剂以气溶胶形式释放,眼睛直接暴露,极易受到PHMG的有害影响。因此,在本研究中,我们研究了PHMG对眼睛的不良影响;考虑到纤维化是PHMG对眼睛毒性的一种表现,我们在培养的Statens Seruminstitut兔角膜(SIRC)细胞中评估了纤维化相关的生物标志物。采用3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)- 2,5 -二苯基溴化四唑(MTT)法检测细胞活力,采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)和免疫印迹法检测纤维化相关生物标志物,采用2',7'-二氯二氢荧光素(H2DCFDA)检测氧化应激。聚六亚甲基胍具有时间和浓度依赖性的细胞毒性。纤维化相关生物标志物包括转化生长因子-β (TGF-β)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)、金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂(TIMP)和血红素加氧酶-1 (HO-1)的基因和蛋白水平均升高。氧化应激在phmg处理的培养细胞中也有所增加。本研究结果表明,PHMG可引起眼睛毒性,表现为纤维化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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