Is There a Relationship between County-Level Food Insecurity Rates and Breast Cancer Stage at Diagnosis?

Abstract

The relationship between county food insecurity (FI) rate and breast cancer stage at diagnosis is not clear. Using 2010-2016 Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) and Feeding America data we analyzed the association between county FI rate in quartiles (low, medium, high, very high) and breast cancer stage at diagnosis among adult females (≥18 years). We also analyzed the effect of insurance status and county poverty level on this relationship, and whether this relationship varies among non-elderly (<65 years) and elderly (≥ 65 years) individuals. Bivariate and multivariable multilevel logistic regression were used for analyses. Bivariate analysis showed increased likelihood of late-stage breast cancer with increasing county FI rate. This relationship persisted after adjusting for insurance status but was no longer significant after adjusting for county-level poverty rate. There was a statistically significant association between counties with very high food insecurity rates and late-stage breast cancer diagnosis (OR = 1.07; 95% CI = 1.00, 1.14) among the elderly population. Very high county food insecurity rate was associated with late-stage breast cancer among elderly women. Population-level interventions focused on counties with very high food insecurity rates could reduce disparities in stage at breast cancer diagnosis among elderly women.