Inhibitory attentional control under cognitive load in social anxiety: An investigation using a novel dual-task paradigm.

IF 4.2 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Behaviour Research and Therapy Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.brat.2021.103925

Chi-Wen Liang

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Research suggests that socially anxious (SA) individuals exhibit poorer attentional inhibition than their non-anxious (NA) counterparts. Attentional control theory presumes that cognitive load worsens the adverse effects of anxiety on attentional inhibition. However, previous studies examined the effects of cognitive load on attentional inhibition in social anxiety yielded inconsistent results. In this study, cognitive load was manipulated by adding a 1-back (low cognitive load) and 2-back task (high cognitive load) to the emotional antisaccade task, investigating the effects of cognitive load on attentional inhibition in the presence of social evaluative stimuli in SA and NA individuals. Results revealed that cognitive load improved the efficiency but impeded the effectiveness of inhibitory attentional control in SA participants. Under high cognitive load, SA participants made more erroneous saccades for threat-related than nonthreat-related faces while NA participants showed no differences in error rates among different face types. Moreover, regardless of cognitive levels, SA participants had shorter saccade latencies for angry faces than happy and neutral faces. NA participants did not show differences in saccade latencies among different face types. Implications of these findings for understanding the role that cognitive load plays in the processes of attentional control and interventions for social anxiety are discussed.

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社交焦虑认知负荷下的抑制性注意控制:一项新的双任务范式研究。

研究表明，社交焦虑(SA)个体比非焦虑(NA)个体表现出更差的注意力抑制。注意控制理论认为认知负荷加重了焦虑对注意抑制的不利影响。然而，以往的研究考察了认知负荷对社交焦虑中注意抑制的影响，结果并不一致。本研究通过在情绪性反扫视任务中增加1-back(低认知负荷)和2-back(高认知负荷)任务来控制认知负荷，探讨社会评价刺激下认知负荷对SA和NA个体注意抑制的影响。结果表明，认知负荷提高了SA参与者的抑制性注意控制效率，但阻碍了抑制性注意控制的有效性。在高认知负荷下，SA被试对威胁相关面孔的扫视错误率高于非威胁相关面孔，而NA被试对不同类型面孔的扫视错误率没有差异。此外，无论认知水平如何，SA参与者对愤怒面孔的视跳潜伏期比快乐和中性面孔短。NA参与者在不同面部类型之间的扫视潜伏期没有差异。这些发现对理解认知负荷在注意控制过程中的作用和干预社交焦虑的意义进行了讨论。

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来源期刊

Behaviour Research and Therapy PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

7.30%

发文量

148

期刊介绍： The major focus of Behaviour Research and Therapy is an experimental psychopathology approach to understanding emotional and behavioral disorders and their prevention and treatment, using cognitive, behavioral, and psychophysiological (including neural) methods and models. This includes laboratory-based experimental studies with healthy, at risk and subclinical individuals that inform clinical application as well as studies with clinically severe samples. The following types of submissions are encouraged: theoretical reviews of mechanisms that contribute to psychopathology and that offer new treatment targets; tests of novel, mechanistically focused psychological interventions, especially ones that include theory-driven or experimentally-derived predictors, moderators and mediators; and innovations in dissemination and implementation of evidence-based practices into clinical practice in psychology and associated fields, especially those that target underlying mechanisms or focus on novel approaches to treatment delivery. In addition to traditional psychological disorders, the scope of the journal includes behavioural medicine (e.g., chronic pain). The journal will not consider manuscripts dealing primarily with measurement, psychometric analyses, and personality assessment.