Mass drug administration for endemic scabies: a systematic review.

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
Giulia Rinaldi, Kholoud Porter
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Scabies is an extremely fastidious infestation caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. It causes a persistent itch that can disrupt a person's mental health, sleep, and overall quality of life. In endemic areas, treatment by targeting symptomatic individuals and their contacts is often unsuccessful due to an asymptomatic period and high rates of re-infection. To overcome this, Mass Drug Administration (MDA) is often used to treat the whole community, irrespective of whether individuals presently have scabies. This review summarises the evidence for the effectiveness of MDA in treating scabies.

Methods: An exhaustive literature review was conducted on MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Scopus. All peer-reviewed articles published in English January 1990 to March 2020 were eligible and only if the studies were primary and interventional. Furthermore, the intervention had to be a pharmacological MDA method involving human subjects.

Results: TWELVE articles that qualified for inclusion were identified. MDA for scabies significantly reduced its prevalence in communities at follow up. Some of the drivers of success were communities with low levels of migration, an uptake of MDA of > 85%, the use of oral Ivermectin therapy, the treatment of children and pregnant women within the treated population, and repeated treatment for participants diagnosed with scabies at baseline.

Conclusions: The average absolute reduction in prevalence of scabies was 22.0% and the relative reduction average was 73.4%. These results suggest MDA is effective in treating scabies in the endemic community. Further evidence is needed surrounding MDA use in urban areas with increased levels of migration. Importantly, MDA should not substitute the tackling of socioeconomic factors which contribute to endemic disease such as good sanitation and hygiene.

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大规模用药治疗地方性疥疮:系统回顾。
背景介绍疥疮是由疥螨(Sarcoptes scabiei)引起的一种极其顽固的寄生虫病。疥疮会引起持续性瘙痒,影响患者的心理健康、睡眠和整体生活质量。在疥疮流行的地区,针对有症状的个人及其接触者的治疗往往不成功,因为会有一个无症状期,而且再感染率很高。为了克服这一问题,通常采用大规模用药(MDA)的方法,对整个社区进行治疗,而不论个人目前是否患有疥疮。本综述总结了大规模用药治疗疥疮的有效性证据:在 MEDLINE、EMBASE、Web of Science 和 Scopus 上进行了详尽的文献综述。所有在 1990 年 1 月至 2020 年 3 月期间以英文发表的同行评审文章均符合条件,且研究必须是主要的干预性研究。此外,干预必须是以人为对象的药理学 MDA 方法:结果:确定了两篇符合纳入条件的文章。针对疥疮的 MDA 在随访中大大降低了疥疮在社区的流行率。取得成功的一些因素包括:迁移率较低的社区、MDA 使用率大于 85%、使用伊维菌素口服疗法、治疗人群中的儿童和孕妇,以及对基线诊断为疥疮的参与者进行重复治疗:结论:疥疮发病率的绝对值平均降低了 22.0%,相对值平均降低了 73.4%。这些结果表明,在疥疮流行的社区,MDA 能有效治疗疥疮。在移民人数增加的城市地区使用 MDA 还需要进一步的证据。重要的是,MDA 不应取代导致地方病的社会经济因素,如良好的环境卫生和个人卫生。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
期刊介绍: ACS Applied Bio Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of biomaterials and biointerfaces including and beyond the traditional biosensing, biomedical and therapeutic applications. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important bio applications. The journal is specifically interested in work that addresses the relationship between structure and function and assesses the stability and degradation of materials under relevant environmental and biological conditions.
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