Interactions of Carbohydrate Intake and Physical Activity with Regulatory Genes Affecting Glycaemia: A Food4Me Study Analysis.

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Lifestyle Genomics Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-29 DOI:10.1159/000515068

Santiago Navas-Carretero, Rodrigo San-Cristobal, Ismael Alvarez-Alvarez, Carlos Celis-Morales, Katherine M Livingstone, Claire B O'Donovan, Christina Mavrogianni, Christina P Lambrinou, Yannis Manios, Iwona Traczyck, Christian A Drevon, Cyril F M Marsaux, Wim H M Saris, Rosalind Fallaize, Anna L Macready, Julie A Lovegrove, Thomas E Gundersen, Marianne Walsh, Lorraine Brennan, Eileen R Gibney, Mike Gibney, John C Mathers, J Alfredo Martinez

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Introduction: Carbohydrate intake and physical activity are related to glucose homeostasis, both being influenced by individual genetic makeup. However, the interactions between these 2 factors, as affected by genetics, on glycaemia have been scarcely reported.

Objective: We focused on analysing the interplay between carbohydrate intake and physical activity levels on blood glucose, taking into account a genetic risk score (GRS), based on SNPs related to glucose/energy metabolism.

Methods: A total of 1,271 individuals from the Food4Me cohort, who completed the nutritional intervention, were evaluated at baseline. We collected dietary information by using an online-validated food frequency questionnaire, a questionnaire on physical activity, blood biochemistry by analysis of dried blood spots, and by analysis of selected SNPs. Fifteen out of 31 SNPs, with recognized participation in carbohydrate/energy metabolism, were included in the component analyses. The GRS included risk alleles involved in the control of glycaemia or energy-yielding processes.

Results: Data concerning anthropometric, clinical, metabolic, dietary intake, physical activity, and genetics related to blood glucose levels showed expected trends in European individuals of comparable sex and age, being categorized by lifestyle, BMI, and energy/carbohydrate intakes, in this Food4Me population. Blood glucose was inversely associated with physical activity level (β = -0.041, p = 0.013) and positively correlated with the GRS values (β = 0.015, p = 0.047). Interestingly, an interaction affecting glycaemia, concerning physical activity level with carbohydrate intake, was found (β = -0.060, p = 0.033), which also significantly depended on the genetic background (GRS).

Conclusions: The relationships of carbohydrate intake and physical activity are important in understanding glucose homeostasis, where a role for the genetic background should be ascribed.

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碳水化合物摄入和身体活动与影响血糖的调节基因的相互作用:一项Food4Me研究分析。

碳水化合物的摄入和身体活动与葡萄糖稳态有关，两者都受到个体基因组成的影响。然而，这两个因素之间的相互作用，受遗传影响，对血糖几乎没有报道。目的:考虑到与葡萄糖/能量代谢相关的snp的遗传风险评分(GRS)，我们重点分析了碳水化合物摄入量和身体活动水平对血糖的相互作用。方法:来自Food4Me队列的1271名完成营养干预的个体在基线时进行评估。我们通过在线验证的食物频率问卷、身体活动问卷、通过分析干血斑和选择的snp分析来收集饮食信息。31个snp中有15个被认为参与碳水化合物/能量代谢，被纳入成分分析。GRS包括参与控制血糖或能量产生过程的风险等位基因。结果:在Food4Me人群中，与血糖水平相关的人体测量学、临床、代谢、饮食摄入、身体活动和遗传学数据显示，在性别和年龄相仿的欧洲个体中，按生活方式、BMI和能量/碳水化合物摄入量进行分类的趋势是预期的。血糖与体力活动水平呈负相关(β = -0.041, p = 0.013)，与GRS值呈正相关(β = 0.015, p = 0.047)。有趣的是，研究发现身体活动水平与碳水化合物摄入量之间存在影响血糖的相互作用(β = -0.060, p = 0.033)，这也显著依赖于遗传背景(GRS)。结论:碳水化合物摄入和身体活动的关系对于理解葡萄糖稳态是重要的，其中遗传背景的作用应归因于。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Lifestyle Genomics Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

7.70%

发文量

审稿时长

28 weeks

期刊介绍： Lifestyle Genomics aims to provide a forum for highlighting new advances in the broad area of lifestyle-gene interactions and their influence on health and disease. The journal welcomes novel contributions that investigate how genetics may influence a person’s response to lifestyle factors, such as diet and nutrition, natural health products, physical activity, and sleep, amongst others. Additionally, contributions examining how lifestyle factors influence the expression/abundance of genes, proteins and metabolites in cell and animal models as well as in humans are also of interest. The journal will publish high-quality original research papers, brief research communications, reviews outlining timely advances in the field, and brief research methods pertaining to lifestyle genomics. It will also include a unique section under the heading “Market Place” presenting articles of companies active in the area of lifestyle genomics. Research articles will undergo rigorous scientific as well as statistical/bioinformatic review to ensure excellence.