Drivers of canine distemper virus exposure in dogs at a wildlife interface in Janos, Mexico.

IF 1.3 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Veterinary Record Open Pub Date : 2021-05-05 eCollection Date: 2021-12-01 DOI:10.1002/vro2.7
Rocío Almuna, Andrés M López-Pérez, Rosa E Sarmiento, Gerardo Suzán
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Human population expansion has increased the contact between domestic animals and wildlife, thereby increasing the transmission of infectious diseases including canine distemper virus (CDV). Here, we investigated the risk factors associated with CDV exposure in domestic and wild carnivores from the Janos Biosphere Reserve (JBR), Mexico.

Methods: A cross-sectional household questionnaire study was performed in four rural towns to investigate the risk factors associated with the presence of CDV in domestic and wild carnivores from the JBR, Mexico. In addition, we tested serum samples from 70 dogs and three wild carnivores, including one bobcat (Lynx rufus), one striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) and one gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) for CDV antibodies using immunochromatographic and viral neutralization assays.

Results: Overall, 62% of domestic dogs were seropositive for CDV, and the presence of antibodies was significantly higher in free-roaming owned dogs than dogs with restricted movement. Among the wild carnivores, only the bobcat was seropositive. The rate of vaccination against CDV in dogs was low (7%), and there was a high rate of direct interactions between domestic dogs and wild carnivores.

Conclusion: Our serological assays show that CDV is circulating in both domestic dogs and wild carnivores, suggesting cross-species transmission. Our finding of low vaccination rates, high number of unrestrained owned dogs and direct interactions between wildlife and domestic animals reported in the region may be perpetuating the high prevalence of the virus and increasing the risk of CDV transmission between wild and domestic carnivores. Therefore, long-term longitudinal studies are recommended in order to monitor infectious diseases at the domestic-wildlife interface in this highly biodiverse region.

Abstract Image

墨西哥亚诺什野生动物保护区犬只接触犬瘟热病毒的驱动因素。
背景:人类人口的扩张增加了家养动物与野生动物之间的接触,从而增加了包括犬瘟热病毒(CDV)在内的传染病的传播。在此,我们调查了墨西哥雅诺斯生物圈保护区(JBR)的家养食肉动物和野生食肉动物接触 CDV 的相关风险因素:方法:我们在四个农村城镇进行了一项横断面家庭问卷调查,以调查墨西哥雅诺斯生物圈保护区的家养和野生食肉动物感染 CDV 的相关风险因素。此外,我们还使用免疫层析法和病毒中和检测法对 70 只狗和 3 只野生食肉动物(包括 1 只山猫、1 只条纹臭鼬和 1 只灰狐狸)的血清样本进行了 CDV 抗体检测:总体而言,62%的家犬CDV血清反应呈阳性,自由活动的家犬的CDV抗体明显高于活动受限的家犬。在野生食肉动物中,只有山猫的血清反应呈阳性。狗的 CDV 疫苗接种率很低(7%),而且家养狗与野生食肉动物之间的直接互动率很高:结论:我们的血清学检测结果表明,CDV 在家犬和野生食肉动物中均有流行,这表明存在跨物种传播。我们发现,该地区疫苗接种率低、不受约束的家养犬数量多以及野生动物与家养动物之间的直接互动可能会使病毒的高流行率持续下去,并增加 CDV 在野生食肉动物和家养食肉动物之间传播的风险。因此,建议开展长期纵向研究,以监测这一生物多样性高度丰富地区家养与野生动物交界处的传染病。
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来源期刊
Veterinary Record Open
Veterinary Record Open VETERINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
25
审稿时长
19 weeks
期刊介绍: Veterinary Record Open is a journal dedicated to publishing specialist veterinary research across a range of topic areas including those of a more niche and specialist nature to that considered in the weekly Vet Record. Research from all disciplines of veterinary interest will be considered. It is an Open Access journal of the British Veterinary Association.
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