Postoperative Rehabilitation of Multiligament Knee Reconstruction: A Systematic Review.

Abstract

Background: Multiligamentous knee injuries (MLKIs) are rare, and heterogeneous in presentation and treatment options. Consequently, optimal postoperative rehabilitation of MLKI remains unclear.

Objective: To summarize the latest evidence for postoperative rehabilitation protocols following multiligamentous knee reconstruction (MLKR).

Patients and methods: A multidatabase search was conducted with the aid of a health sciences librarian. Blinded reviewers conducted multiple screenings of studies evaluating postoperative rehabilitation protocols following MLKR. All included studies were then graded based on level of evidence, and data concerning patient demographics and rehabilitation protocols were extracted.

Results: MLKR rehabilitation protocols differ widely in terms of weightbearing, bracing, initiation, and types of physical therapy, yet several established protocols were referenced frequently throughout the literature. Such protocols resulted in good outcomes, with patients returning to running in 6 to 12 months and returning to sport in 8 to 12 months.

Conclusion: The rare nature of MLKI hinders the ability to create a standardized rehabilitation protocol. However, early postoperative physical therapy and range of motion consistently lead to improved outcomes. Randomized studies are needed to determine optimal postoperative rehabilitation following MLKR.