The Evolving Overdose Epidemic: Synthetic Opioids and Rising Stimulant-Related Harms.

IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Christopher M Jones, Faraah Bekheet, Ju Nyeong Park, G Caleb Alexander
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引用次数: 71

Abstract

The opioid overdose epidemic is typically described as having occurred in 3 waves, with morbidity and mortality accruing over time principally from prescription opioids (1999-2010), heroin (2011-2013), and illicit fentanyl and other synthetic opioids (2014-present). However, the increasing presence of synthetic opioids mixed into the illicit drug supply, including with stimulants such as cocaine and methamphetamine, as well as rising stimulant-related deaths, reflects the rapidly evolving nature of the overdose epidemic, posing urgent and novel public health challenges. We synthesize the evidence underlying these trends, consider key questions such as where and how concomitant exposure to fentanyl and stimulants is occurring, and identify actions for key stakeholders regarding how these emerging threats, and continued evolution of the overdose epidemic, can best be addressed.

不断发展的过量流行病:合成阿片类药物和不断上升的兴奋剂相关危害。
阿片类药物过量流行通常被描述为分三波发生,发病率和死亡率随着时间的推移而增加,主要来自处方阿片类药物(1999-2010年)、海洛因(2011-2013年)和非法芬太尼和其他合成阿片类药物(2014年至今)。然而,越来越多的合成类阿片混入非法药物供应,包括与可卡因和甲基苯丙胺等兴奋剂混合,以及与兴奋剂有关的死亡人数不断上升,反映了过量用药流行病的迅速演变性质,构成了紧迫和新的公共卫生挑战。我们综合了这些趋势背后的证据,考虑了诸如芬太尼和兴奋剂同时暴露的地点和方式等关键问题,并为关键利益相关者确定了如何最好地解决这些新出现的威胁以及过量流行的持续演变的行动。
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来源期刊
Epidemiologic Reviews
Epidemiologic Reviews 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
期刊介绍: Epidemiologic Reviews is a leading review journal in public health. Published once a year, issues collect review articles on a particular subject. Recent issues have focused on The Obesity Epidemic, Epidemiologic Research on Health Disparities, and Epidemiologic Approaches to Global Health.
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