Brown and beige adipose tissue: a novel therapeutic strategy for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

IF 3.5 4区生物学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Adipocyte Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI:10.1080/21623945.2020.1870060

Long Cheng, Jingkang Wang, Hongyu Dai, Yuhui Duan, Yongcheng An, Lu Shi, Yinglan Lv, Huimin Li, Chen Wang, Quantao Ma, Yaqi Li, Pengfei Li, Haifeng Du, Baosheng Zhao

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引用次数: 126

Abstract

Mammalian adipose tissue can be divided into two major types, namely, white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). According to classical view, the main function of WAT is to store excess energy in the form of triglycerides, while BAT is a thermogenic tissue that acts a pivotal part in maintaining the core body temperature. White adipocytes display high plasticity and can transdifferentiate into beige adipocytes which have many similar morphological and functional properties with brown adipocytes under the stimulations of exercise, cold exposure and other factors. This phenomenon is also known as 'browning of WAT'. In addition to transdifferentiation, beige adipocytes can also come from de novo differentiation from tissue-resident progenitors. Activating BAT and inducing browning of WAT can accelerate the intake of glycolipids and reduce the insulin secretion requirement, which may be a new strategy to improve glycolipids metabolism and insulin resistance of obese and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This review mainly discusses the significance of brown and beige adipose tissues in the treatment of obesity and T2DM, and focuses on the effect of the browning agent on obesity and T2DM, which provides a brand-new theoretical reference for the prevention and treatment of obesity and T2DM.

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褐色和米色脂肪组织:肥胖和2型糖尿病的新治疗策略。

哺乳动物脂肪组织可分为两大类，即白色脂肪组织(WAT)和棕色脂肪组织(BAT)。根据经典观点，WAT的主要功能是以甘油三酯的形式储存多余的能量，而BAT是一种产热组织，在维持核心体温方面起着关键作用。白色脂肪细胞具有较高的可塑性，在运动、冷暴露等因素的刺激下可转分化为米色脂肪细胞，米色脂肪细胞具有许多与棕色脂肪细胞相似的形态和功能特性。这种现象也被称为“WAT褐变”。除了转分化外，米色脂肪细胞也可以来自组织常驻祖细胞的新生分化。激活BAT，诱导WAT褐变，加速糖脂摄入，降低胰岛素分泌需求，可能是改善肥胖和2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者糖脂代谢和胰岛素抵抗的新策略。本文主要探讨褐色脂肪组织和米色脂肪组织在肥胖和T2DM治疗中的意义，重点探讨褐化剂对肥胖和T2DM的作用，为肥胖和T2DM的防治提供全新的理论参考。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Adipocyte Medicine-Histology

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

3.00%

发文量

审稿时长

32 weeks

期刊介绍： Adipocyte recognizes that the adipose tissue is the largest endocrine organ in the body, and explores the link between dysfunctional adipose tissue and the growing number of chronic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Historically, the primary function of the adipose tissue was limited to energy storage and thermoregulation. However, a plethora of research over the past 3 decades has recognized the dynamic role of the adipose tissue and its contribution to a variety of physiological processes including reproduction, angiogenesis, apoptosis, inflammation, blood pressure, coagulation, fibrinolysis, immunity and general metabolic homeostasis. The field of Adipose Tissue research has grown tremendously, and Adipocyte is the first international peer-reviewed journal of its kind providing a multi-disciplinary forum for research focusing exclusively on all aspects of adipose tissue physiology and pathophysiology. Adipocyte accepts high-profile submissions in basic, translational and clinical research.