Anti-viral immunity in the tumor microenvironment: implications for the rational design of herpes simplex virus type 1 oncolytic virotherapy.

IF 3.1 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY

Current Clinical Microbiology Reports Pub Date : 2019-12-01 Epub Date: 2019-11-26 DOI:10.1007/s40588-019-00134-3

Paul J F Rider, Ifeanyi K Uche, Larissa Sweeny, Konstantin G Kousoulas

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Purpose of review: The design of novel herpes simplex type I (HSV-1)-derived oncolytic virotherapies is a balancing act between safety, immunogenicity and replicative potential. We have undertaken this review to better understand how these considerations can be incorporated into rational approaches to the design of novel herpesvirus oncolytic virotherapies.

Recent findings: Several recent papers have demonstrated that enhancing the potential of HSV-1 oncolytic viruses to combat anti-viral mechanisms present in the tumor microenvironment leads to greater efficacy than their parental viruses.

Summary: It is not entirely clear how the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment affects oncolytic viral replication and spread within tumors. Recent work has shown that the manipulation of specific cellular and molecular mechanisms of immunosuppression operating within the tumor microenvironment can enhance the efficacy of oncolytic virotherapy. We anticipate that future work will integrate greater knowledge of immunosuppression in tumor microenvironments with design of oncolytic virotherapies.

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肿瘤微环境中的抗病毒免疫:对1型单纯疱疹病毒溶瘤病毒疗法合理设计的启示

综述目的:新型单纯疱疹1型(HSV-1)衍生的溶瘤病毒疗法的设计需要在安全性、免疫原性和复制潜力之间取得平衡。我们进行这篇综述是为了更好地理解如何将这些考虑纳入设计新型疱疹病毒溶瘤病毒疗法的合理方法中。最近的发现:最近的几篇论文表明，增强HSV-1溶瘤病毒对抗肿瘤微环境中存在的抗病毒机制的潜力，比它们的亲本病毒更有效。摘要:目前尚不完全清楚免疫抑制肿瘤微环境如何影响溶瘤病毒在肿瘤内的复制和扩散。最近的研究表明，在肿瘤微环境中操纵免疫抑制的特定细胞和分子机制可以提高溶瘤病毒治疗的疗效。我们预计未来的工作将整合肿瘤微环境中免疫抑制的更多知识和溶瘤病毒疗法的设计。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Clinical Microbiology Reports MICROBIOLOGY-

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

1.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： Current Clinical Microbiology Reports commissions expert reviews from leading scientists at the forefront of research in microbiology. The journal covers this broad field by dividing it into four key main areas of study: virology, bacteriology, parasitology, and mycology. Within each of the four sections, experts from around the world address important aspects of clinical microbiology such as immunology, diagnostics, therapeutics, antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, and vaccines. Some of the world’s foremost authorities in the field of microbiology serve as section editors and editorial board members. Section editors select topics for which leading researchers are invited to contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, which are highlighted in annotated reference lists. These timely reviews of the literature examine the latest scientific discoveries and controversies as they emerge and are indispensable to both researchers and clinicians. The editorial board, composed of more than 20 internationally diverse members, reviews the annual table of contents, ensures that topics address all aspects of emerging research, and where applicable suggests topics of critical importance to various countries/regions.