Designing a bioelectronic treatment for Type 1 diabetes: targeted parasympathetic modulation of insulin secretion.

Bioelectronics in medicine Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Epub Date: 2020-07-28 DOI:10.2217/bem-2020-0006
Elliott W Dirr, Morgan E Urdaneta, Yogi Patel, Richard D Johnson, Martha Campbell-Thompson, Kevin J Otto
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Abstract

The pancreas is a visceral organ with exocrine functions for digestion and endocrine functions for maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis. In pancreatic diseases such as Type 1 diabetes, islets of the endocrine pancreas become dysfunctional and normal regulation of blood glucose concentration ceases. In healthy individuals, parasympathetic signaling to islets via the vagus nerve, triggers release of insulin from pancreatic β-cells and glucagon from α-cells. Using electrical stimulation to augment parasympathetic signaling may provide a way to control pancreatic endocrine functions and ultimately control blood glucose. Historical data suggest that cervical vagus nerve stimulation recruits many visceral organ systems. Simultaneous modulation of liver and digestive function along with pancreatic function provides differential signals that work to both raise and lower blood glucose. Targeted pancreatic vagus nerve stimulation may provide a solution to minimizing off-target effects through careful electrode placement just prior to pancreatic insertion.

设计一种治疗 1 型糖尿病的生物电子疗法:对胰岛素分泌进行有针对性的副交感神经调节。
胰腺是一个内脏器官,具有消化的外分泌功能和维持血糖平衡的内分泌功能。在胰腺疾病(如 1 型糖尿病)中,胰腺内分泌的胰岛功能失调,血糖浓度的正常调节也随之停止。在健康人体内,副交感神经通过迷走神经向胰岛发出信号,触发胰岛β细胞释放胰岛素和α细胞释放胰高血糖素。利用电刺激来增强副交感神经的信号传递可能是控制胰腺内分泌功能并最终控制血糖的一种方法。历史数据表明,颈迷走神经刺激可调动许多内脏器官系统。同时调节肝脏和消化系统功能以及胰腺功能可提供不同的信号,从而达到升高和降低血糖的目的。通过在胰腺插入前仔细放置电极,靶向性胰腺迷走神经刺激可能会提供一种解决方案,将脱靶效应降至最低。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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