Reovirus: Friend and Foe.

IF 3.1 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY

Current Clinical Microbiology Reports Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-07-04 DOI:10.1007/s40588-019-00121-8

Michael R Eledge, Marcelle Dina Zita, Karl W Boehme

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Purpose of review: Mammalian orthoreovirus (reovirus) is a powerful tool for studying viral replication and pathogenesis. Most reovirus infections are subclinical, however recent work has catapulted reovirus into the clinical spotlight.

Recent findings: Owing to its capacity to kill cancer cells more efficiently than normal cells, reovirus is under development as a therapeutic for a variety of cancers. New efforts have focused on genetically engineering reovirus to increase its oncolytic capacity, and determining how reovirus potentiates immunotherapy. Other recent studies highlight a potential role for reovirus in celiac disease (CeD). Using mouse models of CeD, reovirus caused loss of oral tolerance to dietary antigens, opening the possibility that reovirus could trigger CeD in humans.

Summary: We will focus on new developments in reovirus oncolysis and studies suggesting a role for reovirus as a trigger for celiac disease (CeD) that make reovirus a potential friend and foe to human health.

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呼肠孤病毒:朋友和敌人。

综述目的:哺乳动物呼肠孤病毒(呼肠孤病毒)是研究病毒复制和发病机制的有力工具。大多数呼肠孤病毒感染是亚临床的，然而，最近的工作已经使呼肠孤病毒成为临床关注的焦点。最近的发现:由于呼肠孤病毒比正常细胞更有效地杀死癌细胞，因此正在开发用于治疗多种癌症的药物。新的努力集中在基因工程呼肠孤病毒以增加其溶瘤能力，并确定呼肠孤病毒如何增强免疫治疗。最近的其他研究强调呼肠孤病毒在乳糜泻(CeD)中的潜在作用。在小鼠CeD模型中，呼肠孤病毒导致对饮食抗原的口服耐受性丧失，开启了呼肠孤病毒可能引发人类CeD的可能性。摘要:我们将重点关注呼肠孤病毒肿瘤溶解的新进展，以及表明呼肠孤病毒作为乳糜泻(CeD)触发器的作用的研究，这些研究使呼肠孤病毒成为人类健康的潜在朋友和敌人。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Clinical Microbiology Reports MICROBIOLOGY-

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

1.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： Current Clinical Microbiology Reports commissions expert reviews from leading scientists at the forefront of research in microbiology. The journal covers this broad field by dividing it into four key main areas of study: virology, bacteriology, parasitology, and mycology. Within each of the four sections, experts from around the world address important aspects of clinical microbiology such as immunology, diagnostics, therapeutics, antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, and vaccines. Some of the world’s foremost authorities in the field of microbiology serve as section editors and editorial board members. Section editors select topics for which leading researchers are invited to contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, which are highlighted in annotated reference lists. These timely reviews of the literature examine the latest scientific discoveries and controversies as they emerge and are indispensable to both researchers and clinicians. The editorial board, composed of more than 20 internationally diverse members, reviews the annual table of contents, ensures that topics address all aspects of emerging research, and where applicable suggests topics of critical importance to various countries/regions.