The Evolutionary and Historical Foundation of the Modern Horse: Lessons from Ancient Genomics.

IF 8.7 1区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2020-11-23 Epub Date: 2020-09-22 DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-021920-011805
Ludovic Orlando
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引用次数: 15

Abstract

The domestication of the horse some 5,500 years ago followed those of dogs, sheep, goats, cattle, and pigs by ∼2,500-10,000 years. By providing fast transportation and transforming warfare, the horse had an impact on human history with no equivalent in the animal kingdom. Even though the equine sport industry has considerable economic value today, the evolutionary history underlying the emergence of the modern domestic horse remains contentious. In the last decade, novel sequencing technologies have revolutionized our capacity to sequence the complete genome of organisms, including from archaeological remains. Applied to horses, these technologies have provided unprecedented levels of information and have considerably changed models of horse domestication. This review illustrates how ancient DNA, especially ancient genomes, has inspired researchers to rethink the process by which horses were first domesticated and then diversified into a variety of breeds showing a range of traits that are useful to humans.

现代马的进化和历史基础:古代基因组学的教训。
马的驯化是在5500年前,比狗、绵羊、山羊、牛、猪的驯化晚了2500 ~ 10000年。通过提供快速运输和改变战争,马对人类历史的影响在动物王国中是无与伦比的。尽管马术运动产业在今天具有相当大的经济价值,但现代驯养马出现的进化历史仍然存在争议。在过去的十年里,新的测序技术已经彻底改变了我们对生物全基因组测序的能力,包括对考古遗迹的测序。应用于马,这些技术提供了前所未有的信息水平,并大大改变了马的驯化模式。这篇综述说明了古代DNA,特别是古代基因组是如何激发研究人员重新思考马最初被驯化,然后分化成各种品种的过程,这些品种表现出一系列对人类有用的特征。
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来源期刊
Annual review of genetics
Annual review of genetics 生物-遗传学
CiteScore
18.30
自引率
0.90%
发文量
17
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Genetics, published since 1967, comprehensively covers significant advancements in genetics. It encompasses various areas such as biochemical, behavioral, cell, and developmental genetics, evolutionary and population genetics, chromosome structure and transmission, gene function and expression, mutation and repair, genomics, immunogenetics, and other topics related to the genetics of viruses, bacteria, fungi, plants, animals, and humans.
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