Prevalence and Correlates of Providing and Receiving Assistance With the Transition to Injection Drug Use.

IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Rachel E Gicquelais, Dan Werb, Charles Marks, Carolyn Ziegler, Shruti H Mehta, Becky L Genberg, Ayden I Scheim
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引用次数: 11

Abstract

Preventing the transition to injection drug use is an important public health goal, as people who inject drugs (PWID) are at high risk for overdose and acquisition of infectious disease. Initiation into drug injection is primarily a social process, often involving PWID assistance. A better understanding of the epidemiology of this phenomenon would inform interventions to prevent injection initiation and to enhance safety when assistance is provided. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to 1) characterize the prevalence of receiving (among injection-naive persons) and providing (among PWID) help or guidance with the first drug injection and 2) identify correlates associated with these behaviors. Correlates were organized as substance use behaviors, health outcomes (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus infection), or factors describing an individual's social, economic, policy, or physical environment, defined by means of Rhodes' risk environments framework. After screening of 1,164 abstracts, 57 studies were included. The prevalence of receiving assistance with injection initiation (help or guidance at the first injection) ranged 74% to 100% (n = 13 estimates). The prevalence of ever providing assistance with injection initiation varied widely (range, 13%-69%; n = 13 estimates). Injecting norms, sex/gender, and other correlates classified within Rhodes' social risk environment were commonly associated with providing and receiving assistance. Nearly all PWID receive guidance about injecting for the first time, whereas fewer PWID report providing assistance. Substantial clinical and statistical heterogeneity between studies precluded meta-analysis, and thus local-level estimates may be necessary to guide the implementation of future psychosocial and sociostructural interventions. Further, estimates of providing assistance may be downwardly biased because of social desirability factors.

向注射吸毒过渡过程中提供和接受援助的流行程度及其相关性。
防止过渡到注射吸毒是一项重要的公共卫生目标,因为注射吸毒者(PWID)有过量吸毒和感染传染病的高风险。开始注射药物主要是一个社会过程,通常涉及PWID援助。更好地了解这一现象的流行病学将为干预措施提供信息,以防止开始注射并在提供援助时加强安全性。我们对文献进行了系统回顾,以1)描述首次注射药物时接受(未注射者)和提供(PWID患者)帮助或指导的流行程度,2)确定这些行为的相关性。相关因素被组织为物质使用行为、健康结果(如人类免疫缺陷病毒感染)或描述个人社会、经济、政策或物理环境的因素,这些因素由Rhodes风险环境框架定义。在筛选了1164篇摘要后,纳入了57篇研究。开始注射时接受帮助(第一次注射时的帮助或指导)的流行率为74%至100% (n = 13个估计值)。曾经协助开始注射的流行率差异很大(范围,13%-69%;N = 13个估计)。注射规范、性/性别和其他被归类为罗兹社会风险环境的相关因素通常与提供和接受援助有关。几乎所有的未成年人都是第一次接受注射指导,而很少有未成年人报告提供帮助。研究之间的大量临床和统计异质性排除了荟萃分析,因此可能需要地方水平的估计来指导未来社会心理和社会结构干预措施的实施。此外,由于社会期望因素,对提供援助的估计可能会向下偏误。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Epidemiologic Reviews
Epidemiologic Reviews 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
期刊介绍: Epidemiologic Reviews is a leading review journal in public health. Published once a year, issues collect review articles on a particular subject. Recent issues have focused on The Obesity Epidemic, Epidemiologic Research on Health Disparities, and Epidemiologic Approaches to Global Health.
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