Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant, toxic metal-tolerant and biofilm-forming bacteria in hospital surroundings.

Environmental analysis, health and toxicology Pub Date : 2020-09-01 Epub Date: 2020-09-28 DOI:10.5620/eaht.2020018
Soumitra Nath, Ahana Sinha, Y Suchitra Singha, Ankita Dey, Nilakshi Bhattacharjee, Bibhas Deb
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The emergence and rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria due to unethical and non-scientific disposal of hospital wastes and clinical by-products caused an alarming environmental concern and associated public health risks. The present study aims to assess the co-selection of antibiotic resistance and heavy metal tolerance by bacteria isolated from hospital effluents. These isolates were also tested for hemolytic activity, pH-tolerance, thermal inactivation, auto-aggregation, cell-surface hydrophobicity and interaction with other bacteria. The study reports the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant and heavy metal tolerant bacteria in clinical effluents and water samples. Most of these isolates were resistant to vancomycin, clindamycin, ampicillin, rifampicin, penicillin-G, methicillin and cefdinir, and evidenced the production of extended-spectrum β-lactamase enzyme. Toxic metals such as cadmium, copper, iron, lead and zinc also exert a selection pressure towards antibiotic resistance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain GCC_19W3, Bacillus sp. strain GCC_19S2 and Achromobacter spanius strain GCC_SB1 showed β-hemolysis, evidenced by the complete breakdown of the red blood cells. Highest auto-aggregation was exhibited by Bacillus sp. strain GCC_19S2; whereas, maximum cell-surface hydrophobicity was displayed by P. aeruginosa strain GCC_19W1. Antagonistic activity by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain GCC_19W2, P. aeruginosa strain GCC_19W3 and strains of Achromobacter restricts the growth of other microorganisms by producing some bactericidal substances. The study emphasises undertaking safety measures for the disposal of clinical effluents directly into the environment. The study suggests adopting necessary measures and regulations to restrict the spread of emerging pathogens within the hospital biome and community, which if unnoticed, might pose a significant clinical challenge.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

医院环境中的抗生素耐药菌、耐有毒金属菌和生物膜形成菌的流行情况。
由于不道德和不科学地处置医院废物和临床副产品,导致抗生素耐药菌的出现和迅速传播,引起了令人担忧的环境问题和相关的公共卫生风险。本研究旨在评估从医院污水中分离出来的细菌对抗生素的耐药性和对重金属的耐受性。此外,还检测了这些分离菌的溶血活性、pH 耐受性、热失活、自动聚集、细胞表面疏水性以及与其他细菌的相互作用。该研究报告了临床污水和水样中抗生素耐受性和重金属耐受性细菌的流行情况。这些分离菌大多对万古霉素、克林霉素、氨苄西林、利福平、青霉素-G、甲氧西林和头孢地尼有耐药性,并证明产生了广谱β-内酰胺酶。镉、铜、铁、铅和锌等有毒金属也对抗生素耐药性产生选择压力。铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)菌株 GCC_19W3、芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.芽孢杆菌菌株 GCC_19S2 表现出最高的自动聚集性;而铜绿假单胞菌菌株 GCC_19W1 则表现出最高的细胞表面疏水性。嗜麦芽气单胞菌菌株 GCC_19W2、铜绿假单胞菌菌株 GCC_19W3 和 Achromobacter 菌株的拮抗活性通过产生一些杀菌物质来限制其他微生物的生长。研究强调,应采取安全措施,将临床污水直接排放到环境中。研究建议采取必要的措施和法规来限制新出现的病原体在医院生物群落和社区中的传播,如果不加以注意,这些病原体可能会对临床造成重大挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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