The Biogeochemistry of Marine Polysaccharides: Sources, Inventories, and Bacterial Drivers of the Carbohydrate Cycle.

IF 14.3 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
C Arnosti, M Wietz, T Brinkhoff, J-H Hehemann, D Probandt, L Zeugner, R Amann
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引用次数: 87

Abstract

Polysaccharides are major components of macroalgal and phytoplankton biomass and constitute a large fraction of the organic matter produced and degraded in the ocean. Until recently, however, our knowledge of marine polysaccharides was limited due to their great structural complexity, the correspondingly complicated enzymatic machinery used by microbial communities to degrade them, and a lack of readily applied means to isolate andcharacterize polysaccharides in detail. Advances in carbohydrate chemistry, bioinformatics, molecular ecology, and microbiology have led to new insights into the structures of polysaccharides, the means by which they are degraded by bacteria, and the ecology of polysaccharide production and decomposition. Here, we survey current knowledge, discuss recent advances, and present a new conceptual model linking polysaccharide structural complexity and abundance to microbially driven mechanisms of polysaccharide processing. We conclude by highlighting specific future research foci that will shed light on this central but poorly characterized component of the marine carbon cycle.

海洋多糖的生物地球化学:碳水化合物循环的来源、库存和细菌驱动。
多糖是大藻和浮游植物生物量的主要成分,在海洋中产生和降解的有机物中占很大比例。然而,直到最近,我们对海洋多糖的了解还是有限的,因为它们的结构非常复杂,微生物群落用来降解它们的酶机制也相应复杂,而且缺乏容易应用的方法来详细分离和表征多糖。碳水化合物化学、生物信息学、分子生态学和微生物学的进展使人们对多糖的结构、细菌降解多糖的方式以及多糖生产和分解的生态学有了新的认识。在这里,我们回顾了目前的知识,讨论了最近的进展,并提出了一个新的概念模型,将多糖结构的复杂性和丰度与微生物驱动的多糖加工机制联系起来。最后,我们强调了未来的具体研究重点,这些研究重点将阐明海洋碳循环中这一核心但特征不明显的组成部分。
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来源期刊
Annual Review of Marine Science
Annual Review of Marine Science 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
33.60
自引率
0.60%
发文量
40
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Marine Science, published since 2009, offers a comprehensive overview of the field. It covers various disciplines, including coastal and blue water oceanography (biological, chemical, geological, and physical), ecology, conservation, and technological advancements related to the marine environment. The journal's transition from gated to open access through Annual Reviews' Subscribe to Open program ensures that all articles are available under a CC BY license, promoting wider accessibility and dissemination of knowledge.
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