Deep Insights in Circular RNAs: from biogenesis to therapeutics.

IF 3.7 3区生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Biological Procedures Online Pub Date : 2020-05-15 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI:10.1186/s12575-020-00122-8

Peerzada Tajamul Mumtaz, Qamar Taban, Mashooq Ahmad Dar, Shabir Mir, Zulfkar Ul Haq, Sajad Majeed Zargar, Riaz Ahmad Shah, Syed Mudasir Ahmad

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引用次数: 54

Abstract

Abstract: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as a universal novel class of eukaryotic non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules and are becoming a new research hotspot in RNA biology. They form a covalent loop without 5' cap and 3' tail, unlike their linear counterparts. Endogenous circRNAs in mammalian cells are abundantly conserved and discovered so far. In the biogenesis of circRNAs exonic, intronic, reverse complementary sequences or RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play a very important role. Interestingly, the majority of them are highly conserved, stable, resistant to RNase R and show developmental-stage/tissue-specific expression. CircRNAs play multifunctional roles as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, regulators of transcription and post-transcription, parental gene expression and translation of proteins in various diseased conditions. Growing evidence shows that circRNAs play an important role in neurological disorders, atherosclerotic vascular disease, and cancer and potentially serve as diagnostic or predictive biomarkers due to its abundance in various biological samples. Here, we review the biogenesis, properties, functions, and impact of circRNAs on various diseases.

Graphical abstract:

Abstract Image

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环状rna的深刻见解:从生物发生到治疗。

摘要:环状RNA (Circular RNA, circRNAs)作为真核生物中一类普遍存在的新型非编码RNA (non-coding RNA, ncRNA)分子，正在成为RNA生物学新的研究热点。它们形成一个没有5'帽和3'尾的共价环，不像它们的线性对应物。哺乳动物细胞中的内源性环状rna是迄今为止发现的高度保守的环状rna。在环状rna的生物发生过程中，外显子、内含子、反向互补序列或rna结合蛋白(rbp)起着非常重要的作用。有趣的是，它们中的大多数是高度保守的、稳定的、对RNase R有抗性的，并且表现出发育阶段/组织特异性的表达。CircRNAs作为microRNA (miRNA)海绵、转录和转录后调控因子、亲本基因表达和蛋白质翻译在各种疾病条件下发挥着多功能作用。越来越多的证据表明，环状rna在神经系统疾病、动脉粥样硬化性血管疾病和癌症中发挥着重要作用，并且由于其在各种生物样品中的丰度，可能作为诊断或预测的生物标志物。在这里，我们综述了环状rna的生物发生、特性、功能以及对各种疾病的影响。图形化的简介:

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来源期刊

Biological Procedures Online 生物-生化研究方法

CiteScore

10.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： iological Procedures Online publishes articles that improve access to techniques and methods in the medical and biological sciences. We are also interested in short but important research discoveries, such as new animal disease models. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to: Reports of new research techniques and applications of existing techniques Technical analyses of research techniques and published reports Validity analyses of research methods and approaches to judging the validity of research reports Application of common research methods Reviews of existing techniques Novel/important product information Biological Procedures Online places emphasis on multidisciplinary approaches that integrate methodologies from medicine, biology, chemistry, imaging, engineering, bioinformatics, computer science, and systems analysis.