Endothelial inwardly-rectifying K+ channels as a key component of shear stress-induced mechanotransduction.

4区 生物学 Q4 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Current topics in membranes Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-03-23 DOI:10.1016/bs.ctm.2020.02.002
Ibra S Fancher, Irena Levitan
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

It has been recognized for decades that fluid shear stress plays a major role in vascular function. Acting on the endothelium shear stress induces vasorelaxation of resistance arteries and plays a major role in the propensity of the major arteries to atherosclerosis. Many elements of shear-induced signaling have been identified yet we are just beginning to decipher the roles that mechanosensitive ion channels may play in the signaling pathways initiated by shear stress. Endothelial inwardly-rectifying K+ channels were identified as potential primary mechanosensors in the late 1980s yet until our recent works, highlighted in the forthcoming chapter, the functional effect of a shear-activated K+ current was completely unknown. In this chapter, we present the physiological effects of shear stress in arteries in health and disease and highlight the most prevalent of today's investigated mechanosensitive ion channels. Ultimately, we focus on Kir2.1 channels and discuss in detail our findings regarding the downstream signaling events that are induced by shear-activated endothelial Kir2.1 channels. Most importantly, we examine our findings regarding hypercholesterolemia-induced inhibition of Kir channel shear-sensitivity and the impact on endothelial function in the context of flow (shear)-mediated vasodilation and atherosclerosis.

内皮向内纠偏的K+通道是剪应力诱导的机械传导的关键组成部分。
几十年来,人们已经认识到流体剪切应力在血管功能中起着重要作用。内皮剪切应力作用于抵抗动脉血管松弛,在动脉粥样硬化倾向中起重要作用。剪切诱导信号的许多元素已经被确定,但我们刚刚开始破译机械敏感离子通道在剪切应力启动的信号通路中可能发挥的作用。内皮向内整流的K+通道在20世纪80年代末被确定为潜在的主要机械传感器,但直到我们最近的工作,在即将到来的章节中强调,剪切激活的K+电流的功能效应是完全未知的。在本章中,我们介绍了健康和疾病中动脉剪切应力的生理影响,并重点介绍了当今研究中最普遍的机械敏感离子通道。最后,我们将重点关注Kir2.1通道,并详细讨论了剪切激活内皮Kir2.1通道诱导的下游信号事件。最重要的是,我们研究了高胆固醇血症诱导的Kir通道剪切敏感性抑制以及在血流(剪切)介导的血管舒张和动脉粥样硬化的背景下对内皮功能的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Current topics in membranes
Current topics in membranes 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Current Topics in Membranes provides a systematic, comprehensive, and rigorous approach to specific topics relevant to the study of cellular membranes. Each volume is a guest edited compendium of membrane biology.
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