{"title":"Roles of the Translation Initiation Factor eIF2α Phosphorylation in Cell Structure and Function.","authors":"Sung Hoon Back","doi":"10.1247/csf.20013","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is often assumed that α-subunit phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) complex is just a mechanism to control protein synthesis. However, eIF2α phosphorylation induced by multiple kinases can recognize various intracellular and extracellular stress conditions, and it is involved in various other cellular processes beyond protein synthesis. This review introduces the roles of eIF2α phosphorylation in translational regulation, the generation of reactive oxygen species, changes in mitochondria structure and shape, and mitochondrial retrograde signaling pathways in response to diverse stress conditions.Key words: eIF2α phosphorylation, Translation, Unfolded Protein Response, Reactive Oxygen Species, Mitochondria.</p>","PeriodicalId":9927,"journal":{"name":"Cell structure and function","volume":"45 1","pages":"65-76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2020-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1247/csf.20013","citationCount":"6","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cell structure and function","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1247/csf.20013","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2020/4/29 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"CELL BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Abstract
It is often assumed that α-subunit phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) complex is just a mechanism to control protein synthesis. However, eIF2α phosphorylation induced by multiple kinases can recognize various intracellular and extracellular stress conditions, and it is involved in various other cellular processes beyond protein synthesis. This review introduces the roles of eIF2α phosphorylation in translational regulation, the generation of reactive oxygen species, changes in mitochondria structure and shape, and mitochondrial retrograde signaling pathways in response to diverse stress conditions.Key words: eIF2α phosphorylation, Translation, Unfolded Protein Response, Reactive Oxygen Species, Mitochondria.
期刊介绍：
Cell Structure and Function is a fully peer-reviewed, fully Open Access journal. As the official English-language journal of the Japan Society for Cell Biology, it is published continuously online and biannually in print.
Cell Structure and Function publishes important, original contributions in all areas of molecular and cell biology. The journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts on research areas such as the cell nucleus, chromosomes, and gene expression; the cytoskeleton and cell motility; cell adhesion and the extracellular matrix; cell growth, differentiation and death; signal transduction; the protein life cycle; membrane traffic; and organelles.
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