The evolution of genomic imprinting: Epigenetic control of mammary gland development and postnatal resource control.

IF 7.9 Q1 Medicine
Geula Hanin, Anne C Ferguson-Smith
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引用次数: 7

Abstract

Genomic imprinting is an epigenetically regulated process leading to gene expression according to its parental origin. Imprinting is essential for prenatal growth and development, regulating nutritional resources to offspring, and contributing to a favored theory about the evolution of imprinting being due to a conflict between maternal and paternal genomes for the control of prenatal resources-the so-called kinship hypothesis. Genomic imprinting has been mainly studied during embryonic and placental development; however, maternal nutrient provisioning is not restricted to the prenatal period. In this context, the mammary gland acts at the maternal-offspring interface providing milk to the newborn. Maternal care including lactation supports the offspring, delivering nutrients and bioactive molecules protecting against infections and contributing to healthy organ development and immune maturation. The normal developmental cycle of the mammary gland-pregnancy, lactation, involution-is vital for this process, raising the question of whether genomic imprinting might also play a role in postnatal nutrient transfer by controlling mammary gland development. Characterizing the function and epigenetic regulation of imprinted genes in the mammary gland cycle may therefore provide novel insights into the evolution of imprinting since the offspring's paternal genome is absent from the mammary gland, in addition to increasing our knowledge of postnatal nutrition and its relation to life-long health. This article is categorized under: Developmental Biology > Developmental Processes in Health and Disease.

基因组印记的进化:乳腺发育的表观遗传控制和产后资源控制。
基因组印记是一种表观遗传调控过程,根据亲本来源导致基因表达。印记对胎儿的生长发育至关重要,对后代的营养资源进行调节,并有助于一个受欢迎的理论,即印记的进化是由于母亲和父亲的基因组之间的冲突,以控制产前资源,即所谓的亲属关系假说。基因组印迹主要研究胚胎和胎盘发育过程;然而,母亲的营养供给并不局限于产前。在这种情况下,乳腺在母婴界面为新生儿提供乳汁。包括哺乳在内的产妇护理支持后代,提供营养和生物活性分子,保护其免受感染,并促进健康的器官发育和免疫成熟。乳腺的正常发育周期——怀孕、哺乳、复归——对这一过程至关重要,这就提出了基因组印记是否也可能通过控制乳腺发育在产后营养转移中发挥作用的问题。表征乳腺周期中印迹基因的功能和表观遗传调控可能因此为印迹的进化提供新的见解,因为后代的父系基因组在乳腺中缺失,除了增加我们对产后营养及其与终身健康关系的认识之外。本文分类如下:发育生物学>健康与疾病的发育过程。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
18.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal Name:Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Systems Biology and Medicine Focus: Strong interdisciplinary focus Serves as an encyclopedic reference for systems biology research Conceptual Framework: Systems biology asserts the study of organisms as hierarchical systems or networks Individual biological components interact in complex ways within these systems Article Coverage: Discusses biology, methods, and models Spans systems from a few molecules to whole species Topical Coverage: Developmental Biology Physiology Biological Mechanisms Models of Systems, Properties, and Processes Laboratory Methods and Technologies Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine
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