Hábitos alimenticios y nutricionales en pacientes con esquizofrenia

IF 5.2 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY
Paula Zurrón Madera , Silvia Casaprima Suárez , Leticia García Álvarez , María Paz García-Portilla González , Raquel Junquera Fernández , María Teresa Lluch Canut
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Background

There are few studies that relate eating and nutritional habits to the severity of the disease and demographic profile in patients with schizophrenia.

Objective

To describe eating and nutritional habits and their relationship with the severity of the disease in patients with schizophrenia.

Method

Cross-sectional descriptive study. Sample: 31 patients with schizophrenia (ICD-10) under outpatient treatment. Inclusion criteria: age 18-65 years, clinically stable and, written informed consent. Assessment: Demographic, clinical characteristics (CGI-SCH, length of illness, BMI, abdominal perimeter), ad hoc questionnaire (eating, nutritional, and physical activity).

Results

Mean age 43.13(SD=7.85) years, males 61.3%. Mean severity of illness was 3.94(SD=1.06), mean duration of the illness 18.42(SD=8.27) years. 74.2% used to eat weekly fat meat and 64.5% less than 3-4 servings of fish, 77.4% less than 3 servings of fruit per day, and 51.6% drink less than 1l of water. 83.9% used to drink coffee daily, 2.81(SD=2.02) cups per day. Patients showed lower levels of Vitamin A, D, E, K1, C, folic acid, and magnesium. 93.5% did not fulfill the WHO recommendations on physical activity. Only retinol (r=-0.602, p=0.039) and vitamin K1 (r=-0.693, p=0.012) in women were related to the severity of illness.

Conclusions

Outpatients with schizophrenia do not follow WHO recommendations on healthy diets, neither physical activity. Both clinical severity of the illness and marital status and cohabitation were associated with poor eating habits and nutrients deficit. These data should be taken into account by the nursing staff when implementing specific care in routine clinical practice.

精神分裂症患者的饮食和营养习惯。
很少有研究将饮食和营养习惯与精神分裂症患者的疾病严重程度和人口统计学特征联系起来。目的探讨精神分裂症患者的饮食营养习惯及其与病情严重程度的关系。方法横断面描述性研究。样本:31例门诊精神分裂症患者(ICD-10)。纳入标准:年龄18-65岁,临床稳定,书面知情同意。评估:人口统计学、临床特征(CGI-SCH、病程、BMI、腹围)、特别问卷调查(饮食、营养和身体活动)。结果平均年龄43.13(SD=7.85)岁,男性61.3%。平均病情严重程度为3.94(SD=1.06),平均病程为18.42(SD=8.27)年。74.2%的人过去每周吃肥肉,64.5%的人每天吃不到3-4份鱼,77.4%的人每天吃不到3份水果,51.6%的人每天喝不到11杯水。83.9%的人每天喝咖啡,每天2.81杯(SD=2.02)。患者的维生素A、D、E、K1、C、叶酸和镁水平较低。93.5%的人没有达到世卫组织关于身体活动的建议。女性中只有视黄醇(r=-0.602, p=0.039)和维生素K1 (r=-0.693, p=0.012)与疾病的严重程度有关。结论精神分裂症门诊患者没有遵循世卫组织建议的健康饮食和身体活动。疾病的临床严重程度、婚姻状况和同居与不良饮食习惯和营养缺乏有关。护理人员在日常临床实践中实施具体护理时应考虑到这些数据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
自引率
3.30%
发文量
58
期刊介绍: The Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health (SJPMH), incorporated into ISSN 1888-9891, is the official scientific publication of the Spanish Society of Psychiatry and Mental Health. The journal focuses on studying mental illnesses, their pathological processes, and their psychosocial consequences, and aims to disseminate scientific advances in all areas related to mental health and illness. SJPMH accepts unpublished works on psychiatry and mental health, including their medical and social implications. The journal provides space for research in the biological, clinical, and psychosocial fields. Manuscripts undergo peer-review by external reviewers before being accepted for publication. SJPMH is indexed in Index Medicus/Medline, IBECS, Social Sciences Citation Index Journal Citation Reports/Social Sciences Edition, and Current Contents/Social and Behavioral Sciences.
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