{"title":"Phylogenetic Perspectives on Catarrhine Talo-Crural Joint Phenotypic Plasticity.","authors":"Evan A Simons, Kevin Turley, Stephen R Frost","doi":"10.1002/ar.24180","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous investigations of the primate talo-crural joint (TCJ; specifically on the talus and distal tibia) have demonstrated that substrate preference significantly influences morphology, but this association is not necessarily found in subadults. This has been interpreted as the result of a plastic, behaviorally induced response of bone due to substrate use. In this investigation, we use geometric morphometric and phylogenetic comparative methods to investigate ontogenetic phenotypic plasticity in the catarrhine TCJ. Osteological specimens from four African hominoid and four cercopithecid species, divided into subadult and adult developmental stages based on molar eruption, formed the study group. We tested for phylogenetic signal in the shape of both the talar and tibial articular surfaces, at both developmental stages. We then used phylomorphospaces to examine the evolution of shape differences at each developmental stage for each element, and to determine if substrate usage is associated with shape in this phylogenetic context. A significant phylogenetic signal was found for both articular surfaces in subadults, but not adults. In phylomorphospace, both talar and tibial articular morphologies show an association with substrate preference in adults, but not in subadults. Our results provide confirmation of the significant effect of habitual substrate usage and the consequences of bone remodeling during ontogeny on the shape and presentation of the TCJ. These results also suggest caution when using adult talo-tibial shapes to evaluate phylogenetic relationships as TCJ morphology can be considered as a palimpsest, with substrate usage overwriting phylogenetic information in adult specimens. Anat Rec, 302:1977-1984, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":"1977-1984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/ar.24180","citationCount":"5","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.24180","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2019/6/7 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Abstract
Previous investigations of the primate talo-crural joint (TCJ; specifically on the talus and distal tibia) have demonstrated that substrate preference significantly influences morphology, but this association is not necessarily found in subadults. This has been interpreted as the result of a plastic, behaviorally induced response of bone due to substrate use. In this investigation, we use geometric morphometric and phylogenetic comparative methods to investigate ontogenetic phenotypic plasticity in the catarrhine TCJ. Osteological specimens from four African hominoid and four cercopithecid species, divided into subadult and adult developmental stages based on molar eruption, formed the study group. We tested for phylogenetic signal in the shape of both the talar and tibial articular surfaces, at both developmental stages. We then used phylomorphospaces to examine the evolution of shape differences at each developmental stage for each element, and to determine if substrate usage is associated with shape in this phylogenetic context. A significant phylogenetic signal was found for both articular surfaces in subadults, but not adults. In phylomorphospace, both talar and tibial articular morphologies show an association with substrate preference in adults, but not in subadults. Our results provide confirmation of the significant effect of habitual substrate usage and the consequences of bone remodeling during ontogeny on the shape and presentation of the TCJ. These results also suggest caution when using adult talo-tibial shapes to evaluate phylogenetic relationships as TCJ morphology can be considered as a palimpsest, with substrate usage overwriting phylogenetic information in adult specimens. Anat Rec, 302:1977-1984, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy.
卡塔林足跖关节表型可塑性的系统发育研究。
灵长类动物距脚关节(TCJ;特别是距骨和胫骨远端)已经证明基质偏好显著影响形态,但这种关联不一定在亚成人中发现。这被解释为由于使用底物引起的骨的塑性行为诱导反应的结果。在这项研究中,我们使用几何形态计量学和系统发育比较方法来研究卡他林TCJ的个体发生表型可塑性。来自非洲四种人猿和四种尾猿的骨骼标本,根据磨牙的爆发分为亚成虫和成虫的发育阶段,组成了研究小组。我们在两个发育阶段测试了距骨和胫骨关节面形状的系统发育信号。然后,我们使用形态空间来检查每个元素在每个发育阶段的形状差异的演变,并确定在这种系统发育背景下,底物的使用是否与形状有关。在亚成虫中发现两个关节面有显著的系统发育信号,而在成虫中没有。在组织形态空间中,成人的距骨和胫骨关节形态与基质偏好有关,但在亚成人中没有。我们的研究结果证实了习惯性底物使用和个体发育过程中骨重塑对TCJ形状和表现的显著影响。这些结果还表明,在使用成年talo-胫骨形状来评估系统发育关系时要谨慎,因为TCJ形态可以被视为重写本,底物的使用覆盖了成年标本的系统发育信息。中国生物医学工程学报,32(2):377 - 384,2019。©2019美国解剖学协会。
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