[New Horizon in Clinical Examination -Chairmen's Introductory Remarks -].

Abstract

Translational research is leading to new technology and generating in practical diagnostic tests with clinical utility. This paper introduces three cutting-edge technologies: liquid biopsy, amino acid profiling, and con- tinuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Liquid biopsy was reviewed as one of the "10 Breakthrough Technologies in 2015" by MIT. This technol- ogy is based on fast DNA-sequencing machines or high-sensitivity PCR and non-invasive tests that detect fragments of DNA or cells in blood or other bodily fluids. Cell-free DNA refers to segments of DNA that are mainly derived from apoptotic and necrotic cells, and it is used for the detection and monitoring of cancer. Profiling of plasma-free amino acid is a promising approach because amino acid profiling links all organ sys- tems and amino acids have important roles in metabolism. Furthermore, amino acid profiles are known to be influenced by specific diseases, including cancers. CGM systems use a tiny sensor inserted under the skin to continuously check glucose levels in tissue fluid and convert blood glucose levels. CGM can provide valuable information at any points during the day and facilitate better treatment decisions and glucose control. [Review].