Genetic tools for investigating Mucorales fungal pathogenesis.

IF 3.1 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY

Current Clinical Microbiology Reports Pub Date : 2018-09-01 Epub Date: 2018-06-18 DOI:10.1007/s40588-018-0097-7

Alexis Garcia, Sandeep Vellanki, Soo Chan Lee

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Abstract

Purpose of review: Mucormycosis is an emerging opportunistic fungal infection whose causative agents are found within the Mucorales family. A recent increase in immunocompromised cohorts with solid organ transplants, diabetes mellitus, and other medical conditions have resulted in increased fungal infections including mucormycosis. Our current knowledge about Mucoralean fungi is in its infancy compared to other fungal pathogens, which may be due to lack of robust genetic tools for Mucorales. In this review we summarize recent advances in genetic tools to study the two most prevalent and genetically amenable Mucoralean fungi, Mucor circinelloides and Rhizopus delemar.

Recent findings: There have been advances made in the study of Mucorales family genetics. These findings include the construction of recyclable markers to manipulate the genome, as well as silencing vectors, and the adaptation of the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system.

Summary: We present how these genetic methods have been applied to understand basic biology, morphogenesis, pathogenesis, and host-pathogen interactions in the two Mucoralean fungi, M. circinelloides and R. delemar. With these advances in Mucorales the opportunity to further understand the pathogenesis of these organisms is opened.

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研究粘菌类真菌致病机理的遗传工具。

综述的目的：粘孢子菌病是一种新出现的机会性真菌感染，其致病菌属于粘孢子菌科。近年来，因实体器官移植、糖尿病和其他疾病而导致免疫力下降的人群增多，导致包括粘孢子菌病在内的真菌感染增加。与其他真菌病原体相比，我们目前对粘孢子菌的了解还处于起步阶段，这可能是由于缺乏针对粘孢子菌的强大遗传工具。在这篇综述中，我们总结了基因工具在研究两种最普遍、最适于遗传的粘菌类真菌（Mucor circinelloides 和 Rhizopus delemar）方面的最新进展：粘菌家族遗传学研究取得了进展。摘要：我们介绍了如何应用这些遗传方法来了解两种粘孢子菌（M. circinelloides和R. delemar）的基础生物学、形态发生、致病机理以及宿主与病原体之间的相互作用。粘菌的这些进展为进一步了解这些生物的致病机理提供了机会。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Clinical Microbiology Reports MICROBIOLOGY-

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

1.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： Current Clinical Microbiology Reports commissions expert reviews from leading scientists at the forefront of research in microbiology. The journal covers this broad field by dividing it into four key main areas of study: virology, bacteriology, parasitology, and mycology. Within each of the four sections, experts from around the world address important aspects of clinical microbiology such as immunology, diagnostics, therapeutics, antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, and vaccines. Some of the world’s foremost authorities in the field of microbiology serve as section editors and editorial board members. Section editors select topics for which leading researchers are invited to contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, which are highlighted in annotated reference lists. These timely reviews of the literature examine the latest scientific discoveries and controversies as they emerge and are indispensable to both researchers and clinicians. The editorial board, composed of more than 20 internationally diverse members, reviews the annual table of contents, ensures that topics address all aspects of emerging research, and where applicable suggests topics of critical importance to various countries/regions.