Is Man the Measure of All Things? A Social Cognitive Account of Androcentrism.

IF 7.7 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Personality and Social Psychology Review Pub Date : 2019-09-01 Epub Date: 2018-07-17 DOI:10.1177/1088868318782848
April H Bailey, Marianne LaFrance, John F Dovidio
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引用次数: 85

Abstract

Androcentrism refers to the propensity to center society around men and men's needs, priorities, and values and to relegate women to the periphery. Androcentrism also positions men as the gender-neutral standard while marking women as gender-specific. Examples of androcentrism include the use of male terms (e.g., he), images, and research participants to represent everyone. Androcentrism has been shown to have serious consequences. For example, women's health has been adversely affected by over-generalized medical research based solely on male participants. Nonetheless, relatively little is known about androcentrism's proximate psychological causes. In the present review, we propose a social cognitive perspective arguing that both social power and categorization processes are integral to understanding androcentrism. We present and evaluate three possible pathways to androcentrism deriving from (a) men being more frequently instantiated than women, (b) masculinity being more "ideal" than femininity, and/or (c) masculinity being more common than femininity.

人是万物的尺度吗?男权主义的社会认知解释。
男性中心主义指的是社会以男性、男性的需求、优先事项和价值观为中心,而将女性贬至边缘的倾向。男性中心主义还将男性定位为中性标准,而将女性定位为特定性别。男性中心主义的例子包括使用男性术语(例如,他),图像和研究参与者来代表每个人。男权主义已经被证明有严重的后果。例如,仅以男性参与者为对象的过于笼统的医学研究对妇女的健康产生了不利影响。尽管如此,人们对男权主义的直接心理原因所知相对较少。在本综述中,我们提出了一个社会认知的观点,认为社会权力和分类过程是理解男性中心主义不可或缺的。我们提出并评估了三种可能导致男性中心主义的途径,即:(a)男性比女性更频繁地被实例化,(b)男性比女性更“理想”,和/或(c)男性比女性更普遍。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.00
自引率
1.90%
发文量
20
期刊介绍: Title: Personality and Social Psychology Review (PSPR) Journal Overview: Official journal of SPSP, the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc. Premiere outlet for original theoretical papers and conceptual review articles in all areas of personality and social psychology Features stimulating conceptual pieces identifying new research directions and comprehensive review papers providing integrative frameworks for existing theory and research programs Topics Covered: Attitudes and Social Cognition: Examines the inner workings of the human mind in understanding, evaluating, and responding to the social environment Interpersonal and Group Processes: Explores patterns of interaction and interdependence characterizing everyday human functioning Intergroup Relations: Investigates determinants of prejudice, conflict, cooperation, and harmonious relationships between social groups Personality and Individual Differences: Focuses on causes, assessment, structures, and processes giving rise to human variation Biological and Cultural Influences: Studies the biological and cultural mediation of social psychological and personality processes
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