Associations of gender inequality with child malnutrition and mortality across 96 countries.

IF 1.1 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics Pub Date : 2016-03-23 eCollection Date: 2016-01-01 DOI:10.1017/gheg.2016.1
A A Marphatia, T J Cole, C Grijalva-Eternod, J C K Wells
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引用次数: 62

Abstract

National efforts to reduce low birth weight (LBW) and child malnutrition and mortality prioritise economic growth. However, this may be ineffective, while rising gross domestic product (GDP) also imposes health costs, such as obesity and non-communicable disease. There is a need to identify other potential routes for improving child health. We investigated associations of the Gender Inequality Index (GII), a national marker of women's disadvantages in reproductive health, empowerment and labour market participation, with the prevalence of LBW, child malnutrition (stunting and wasting) and mortality under 5 years in 96 countries, adjusting for national GDP. The GII displaced GDP as a predictor of LBW, explaining 36% of the variance. Independent of GDP, the GII explained 10% of the variance in wasting and stunting and 41% of the variance in child mortality. Simulations indicated that reducing GII could lead to major reductions in LBW, child malnutrition and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Independent of national wealth, reducing women's disempowerment relative to men may reduce LBW and promote child nutritional status and survival. Longitudinal studies are now needed to evaluate the impact of efforts to reduce societal gender inequality.

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性别不平等与96个国家儿童营养不良和死亡率的关系。
减少低出生体重、儿童营养不良和死亡率的国家努力优先考虑经济增长。然而,这可能是无效的,而不断增长的国内生产总值(GDP)也增加了健康成本,如肥胖和非传染性疾病。有必要确定改善儿童健康的其他可能途径。我们调查了性别不平等指数(GII)与96个国家的低体重、儿童营养不良(发育迟缓和消瘦)和5岁以下儿童死亡率之间的关系,该指数是妇女在生殖健康、赋权和劳动力市场参与方面处于劣势的国家标志。GII取代了GDP,成为LBW的预测指标,解释了36%的差异。独立于GDP之外,全球创新指数解释了10%的消瘦和发育迟缓差异以及41%的儿童死亡率差异。模拟结果表明,减少全球免疫指数可能导致低收入和中等收入国家的低体重、儿童营养不良和死亡率大幅下降。与国家财富无关,减少妇女相对于男子的权力剥夺可能会减少低体重,促进儿童营养状况和生存。现在需要进行纵向研究,以评估减少社会性别不平等的努力的影响。
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来源期刊
Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics
Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
审稿时长
20 weeks
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