{"title":"[[In process].]","authors":"Wolfgang U Eckart","doi":"","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 'case' of Georg Friedrich NICOLAI, a Berlin physiologist and pacifist, who vehemently stood against a chauvi- nistic academic world in Germany in August 1914, is typical for the academic situation and the role of nationalistic professors as 'mandarines' at German universities and academies at the outbreak of the Great War. NICOLAI suffered a lot from his pacifist internationalism: he was brutally excluded from scientific community, and his academic career was destroyed. Had he not successfully escaped to Denmark, his physical existence would have been endangered as well. On the other hand his dignity was never endangered while NICOLAI successfully resisted military dictatorship and a kind of submissive chauvinism of a perishing Kaiserreich.</p>","PeriodicalId":7006,"journal":{"name":"Acta historica Leopoldina","volume":" 68","pages":"31-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Acta historica Leopoldina","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The 'case' of Georg Friedrich NICOLAI, a Berlin physiologist and pacifist, who vehemently stood against a chauvi- nistic academic world in Germany in August 1914, is typical for the academic situation and the role of nationalistic professors as 'mandarines' at German universities and academies at the outbreak of the Great War. NICOLAI suffered a lot from his pacifist internationalism: he was brutally excluded from scientific community, and his academic career was destroyed. Had he not successfully escaped to Denmark, his physical existence would have been endangered as well. On the other hand his dignity was never endangered while NICOLAI successfully resisted military dictatorship and a kind of submissive chauvinism of a perishing Kaiserreich.
1914年8月，柏林生理学家兼和平主义者乔治·弗里德里希·尼古拉(Georg Friedrich NICOLAI)强烈反对德国的沙文主义学术界，他的“案例”是第一次世界大战爆发时德国大学和学院的学术状况和民族主义教授“文官”角色的典型代表。尼古拉因其和平主义的国际主义遭受了很大的痛苦:他被残酷地排除在科学界之外，他的学术生涯也被摧毁了。如果他没有成功逃到丹麦，他的生命也会受到威胁。另一方面，尼古拉成功地抵制了军事独裁和一种没落的凯撒帝国的顺从沙文主义，他的尊严从未受到威胁。
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