Effects of Weapons on Aggressive Thoughts, Angry Feelings, Hostile Appraisals, and Aggressive Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Weapons Effect Literature.

IF 7.7 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Personality and Social Psychology Review Pub Date : 2018-11-01 Epub Date: 2017-09-17 DOI:10.1177/1088868317725419
Arlin J Benjamin, Sven Kepes, Brad J Bushman
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引用次数: 34

Abstract

A landmark 1967 study showed that simply seeing a gun can increase aggression-called the "weapons effect." Since 1967, many other studies have attempted to replicate and explain the weapons effect. This meta-analysis integrates the findings of weapons effect studies conducted from 1967 to 2017 and uses the General Aggression Model (GAM) to explain the weapons effect. It includes 151 effect-size estimates from 78 independent studies involving 7,668 participants. As predicted by the GAM, our naïve meta-analytic results indicate that the mere presence of weapons increased aggressive thoughts, hostile appraisals, and aggression, suggesting a cognitive route from weapons to aggression. Weapons did not significantly increase angry feelings. Yet, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis indicated that not all naïve mean estimates were robust to the presence of publication bias. In general, these results suggest that the published literature tends to overestimate the weapons effect for some outcomes and moderators.

武器对攻击性思想、愤怒情绪、敌对评价和攻击行为的影响:武器效应文献的元分析综述。
1967年的一项具有里程碑意义的研究表明,仅仅看到枪就会增加攻击性——被称为“武器效应”。自1967年以来,许多其他研究试图复制和解释武器效应。本荟萃分析整合了1967年至2017年武器效应研究的结果,并使用一般侵略模型(GAM)来解释武器效应。它包括来自78项独立研究的151个效应大小估计,涉及7668名参与者。正如GAM所预测的那样,我们的naïve元分析结果表明,仅仅是武器的存在就会增加攻击性思想、敌对评价和攻击性,这表明了从武器到攻击性的认知途径。武器并没有显著增加愤怒情绪。然而,一项全面的敏感性分析表明,并非所有naïve平均估计对发表偏倚的存在都是稳健的。总的来说,这些结果表明,已发表的文献倾向于高估某些结果和调节因子的武器效应。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.00
自引率
1.90%
发文量
20
期刊介绍: Title: Personality and Social Psychology Review (PSPR) Journal Overview: Official journal of SPSP, the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc. Premiere outlet for original theoretical papers and conceptual review articles in all areas of personality and social psychology Features stimulating conceptual pieces identifying new research directions and comprehensive review papers providing integrative frameworks for existing theory and research programs Topics Covered: Attitudes and Social Cognition: Examines the inner workings of the human mind in understanding, evaluating, and responding to the social environment Interpersonal and Group Processes: Explores patterns of interaction and interdependence characterizing everyday human functioning Intergroup Relations: Investigates determinants of prejudice, conflict, cooperation, and harmonious relationships between social groups Personality and Individual Differences: Focuses on causes, assessment, structures, and processes giving rise to human variation Biological and Cultural Influences: Studies the biological and cultural mediation of social psychological and personality processes
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