Reducing Indium Consumption in Silicon Hetero Junction Solar Cells With TCO Stack Systems of ITO and AZO

IF 2.5 3区工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics Pub Date : 2023-08-25 DOI:10.1109/JPHOTOV.2023.3267175

Philipp Schmid;Winfried Wolke;Henning Nagel;Leonard Tutsch;Vasileios Georgiou-Sarlikiotis;Anamaria Steinmetz;Sebastian Pingel;Jochen Rentsch;Martin Hermle;Martin Bivour

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This article reports on the reduction of indium consumption in bifacial rear emitter n-type silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells by substituting the transparent conducting oxide (TCO) indium tin oxide (ITO) with aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO). AZO, ITO, and stacks of both TCOs are sputtered at room temperature and 170 °C on both sides of SHJ solar cells and glass samples. The short circuit current density ( J_SC ) of AZO SHJ cells is lower than that of ITO-based cells, possibly due to a smaller optical band gap E _G = 3.35 eV of AZO in contrast to E_G = 3.71 eV for ITO, which could lead to stronger parasitic blue absorption for AZO cells. Series resistance R _S of pure AZO SHJ solar cells is high mainly due to high contact resistance R _C between silver (Ag) metallization and AZO and high R _C between amorphous silicon (a-Si) and the transparent AZO with low electron density n _e . Using ITO _a-Si -AZO-ITO _Ag stacks, which saves about 50% of ITO, enables R_S values comparable to the ITO reference group, resulting in the same efficiency as the pure ITO cells. By replacing ITO _a-Si with a high n_e AZO _a-Si the lowest R_S is achieved. This AZO _a-Si -AZO-ITO _Ag structure saves about 70% ITO. Damp heat tests on cell and glass samples reveal a clear advantage of TCO stacks over AZO single layers.

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利用ITO和AZO的TCO堆叠系统降低硅异质结太阳能电池的铟消耗

本文报道了用铝掺杂氧化锌(AZO)取代透明导电氧化物(TCO)氧化铟锡(ITO)，降低了双面后发射极n型硅异质结(SHJ)太阳能电池中铟的消耗。在室温和170℃下，在SHJ太阳能电池和玻璃样品的两侧溅射AZO、ITO和两种tco的堆叠。AZO SHJ电池的短路电流密度(JSC)低于ITO基电池，这可能是由于AZO的光学带隙EG = 3.35 eV比ITO的EG = 3.71 eV更小，这可能导致AZO电池对蓝色的寄生吸收更强。纯AZO SHJ太阳能电池串联电阻RS高，主要是由于银(Ag)金属化与AZO之间的接触电阻RC高，非晶硅(a-Si)与具有低电子密度ne的透明AZO之间的接触电阻RC高。使用ITOa-Si-AZO-ITOAg堆叠，可以节省约50%的ITO，使RS值与ITO参考组相当，从而产生与纯ITO电池相同的效率。用高氮化偶氮化硅代替ITOa-Si，获得了最低的RS。这种AZOa-Si-AZO-ITOAg结构可节省约70%的ITO。对电池和玻璃样品进行的湿热测试显示，TCO堆叠比AZO单层具有明显的优势。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics ENERGY & FUELS-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

10.00%

发文量

206

期刊介绍： The IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics is a peer-reviewed, archival publication reporting original and significant research results that advance the field of photovoltaics (PV). The PV field is diverse in its science base ranging from semiconductor and PV device physics to optics and the materials sciences. The journal publishes articles that connect this science base to PV science and technology. The intent is to publish original research results that are of primary interest to the photovoltaic specialist. The scope of the IEEE J. Photovoltaics incorporates: fundamentals and new concepts of PV conversion, including those based on nanostructured materials, low-dimensional physics, multiple charge generation, up/down converters, thermophotovoltaics, hot-carrier effects, plasmonics, metamorphic materials, luminescent concentrators, and rectennas; Si-based PV, including new cell designs, crystalline and non-crystalline Si, passivation, characterization and Si crystal growth; polycrystalline, amorphous and crystalline thin-film solar cell materials, including PV structures and solar cells based on II-VI, chalcopyrite, Si and other thin film absorbers; III-V PV materials, heterostructures, multijunction devices and concentrator PV; optics for light trapping, reflection control and concentration; organic PV including polymer, hybrid and dye sensitized solar cells; space PV including cell materials and PV devices, defects and reliability, environmental effects and protective materials; PV modeling and characterization methods; and other aspects of PV, including modules, power conditioning, inverters, balance-of-systems components, monitoring, analyses and simulations, and supporting PV module standards and measurements. Tutorial and review papers on these subjects are also published and occasionally special issues are published to treat particular areas in more depth and breadth.