Joint effects of genetic variants and residential proximity to pesticide applications on hypospadias risk

Q Medicine

Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology Pub Date : 2016-04-21 DOI:10.1002/bdra.23508

Suzan L. Carmichael, Wei Yang, Chen Ma, Eric Roberts, Susan Kegley, Paul English, Edward J. Lammer, John S. Witte, Gary M. Shaw

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引用次数: 14

Abstract

Background

We examined risks associated with joint exposure of gene variants and pesticides.

Methods

Analyses included 189 cases and 390 male controls born from 1991 to 2003 in California's San Joaquin Valley. We used logistic regression to examine risks associated with joint exposures of gene variants and pesticides that our previous work identified as associated with hypospadias. Genetic variables were based on variants in DGKK, genes involved in sex steroid synthesis/metabolism, and genes involved in genital tubercle development. Pesticide exposure was based on residential proximity to commercial agricultural pesticide applications.

Results

Odds ratios (ORs) were highest among babies with joint exposures, who had two- to fourfold increased risks; for example, the OR was 3.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8–16.5) among subjects with the risk-associated DGKK haplotype and pesticide exposure; OR, 1.5 (95% CI, 0.7–3.1) among subjects with the haplotype and no pesticide exposure; and OR, 0.9 (95% CI, 0.5–1.6) among subjects without the haplotype but with pesticide exposure, relative to subjects with neither. However, results did not provide statistical evidence that these risks were significantly greater than expected on an additive scale, relative to risks associated with one exposure at a time.

Conclusion

We observed elevated risks associated with joint exposures to selected pesticides and genetic variants but no statistical evidence for interaction. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:653–658, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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基因变异和居住地邻近农药使用对尿道下裂风险的共同影响

背景:我们研究了基因变异和农药联合暴露的相关风险。方法分析1991 ~ 2003年在美国加利福尼亚州圣华金河谷出生的189例病例和390例男性对照。我们使用逻辑回归来检查与基因变异和农药联合暴露相关的风险，我们之前的工作已确定与尿道下裂有关。遗传变量基于DGKK的变异，涉及性类固醇合成/代谢的基因，以及涉及生殖器结节发育的基因。农药暴露是基于住宅靠近商业农业农药施用。结果风险比(ORs)在关节暴露的婴儿中最高，其风险增加了2至4倍;例如，与风险相关的DGKK单倍型和农药暴露的受试者的OR为3.7(95%置信区间[CI]， 0.8-16.5);无农药暴露的单倍型受试者OR为1.5 (95% CI, 0.7-3.1);无单倍型但暴露于农药的受试者与未暴露于农药的受试者相比，OR为0.9 (95% CI, 0.5-1.6)。然而，结果并没有提供统计证据，表明这些风险在加性尺度上明显大于预期，相对于一次暴露一次的风险。结论:我们观察到联合暴露于特定农药和基因变异的风险升高，但没有统计证据表明两者之间存在相互作用。出生缺陷研究(A辑)106:653-658,2016。©2016 Wiley期刊公司

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology 医药科学, 胎儿发育与产前诊断, 生殖系统/围生医学/新生儿

CiteScore

1.86

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months