Buttressing a balanced brain: Target-derived FGF signaling regulates excitatory/inhibitory tone and adult neurogenesis within the maturating hippocampal network.

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2016-04-12 eCollection Date: 2016-01-01 DOI:10.1080/23262133.2016.1168504
Ania Dabrowski, Hisashi Umemori
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Brain development involves multiple levels of molecular coordination in forming a functional nervous system. The hippocampus is a brain area that is important for memory formation and spatial reasoning. During early postnatal development of the hippocampal circuit, Fibroblast growth factor 22 (FGF22) and FGF7 act to establish a balance of excitatory and inhibitory tone. Both FGFs are secreted from CA3 dendrites, acting on excitatory or inhibitory axon terminals formed onto CA3 dendrites, respectively. Mechanistically, FGF22 utilizes FGFR2b and FGFR1b to induce synaptic vesicle recruitment within axons of dentate granule cells (DGCs), and FGF7 utilizes FGFR2b to induce synaptic vesicle recruitment within interneuron axons. FGF signaling eventually induces gene expression in the presynaptic neurons; however, the effects of FGF22-induced gene expression within DGCs and FGF7-induced gene expression within interneurons in the context of a developing hippocampal circuit have yet to be explored. Here, we propose one hypothetical mechanism of FGF22-induced gene expression in controlling adult neurogenesis.

Abstract Image

支持平衡的大脑:目标来源的FGF信号调节成熟海马网络中的兴奋/抑制性张力和成人神经发生。
大脑发育涉及多个层次的分子协调,形成一个功能性的神经系统。海马体是大脑中一个对记忆形成和空间推理很重要的区域。在出生后早期海马回路发育过程中,成纤维细胞生长因子22 (FGF22)和FGF7的作用是建立兴奋性和抑制性张力的平衡。这两种fgf都是从CA3树突分泌的,分别作用于CA3树突上形成的兴奋性或抑制性轴突终端。机制上,FGF22利用FGFR2b和FGFR1b诱导齿状颗粒细胞(DGCs)轴突内的突触囊泡募集,FGF7利用FGFR2b诱导神经元间轴突内的突触囊泡募集。FGF信号最终诱导突触前神经元的基因表达;然而,fgf22诱导的DGCs内基因表达和fgf7诱导的中间神经元内基因表达在海马回路发育背景下的影响尚待探讨。在这里,我们提出了一种假设的fgf22诱导基因表达控制成人神经发生的机制。
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